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King's/PP/ERL contains:
1 Published work
2 Unpublished work
3 Papers from colleagues
4 Overseas research papers
5 Academic Career
6 Correspondence
7 Personal and family papers
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The Papers of Edmund Ronald Leach

Title Overseas research papers
Reference ERL/4
Covering Dates 1822–1979 (Mainly 1930s - 1970s.)
Extent and Medium 10.5 boxes; paper
Index Terms
China
India
Kurdistan
Myanmar
Nepal
Sarawak
Sri Lanka
Taiwan
King's/PP/ERL/4 contains:
1 China: Photographs. The file contains assorted photographs, some inscribed on back by ERL, of Shanghai, Hong Kong, Chungking, Nantao, river traffic and scenery along the Yangtse River, Chinese inhabitants and European friends. The file includes a typescript list of eleven photographs for inclusion in 'Omei Shan diary'. The documents were originally in an envelope marked by ERL 'The sacred mountain of Omei Diary 1935'. The diary is not present but may be that catalogued as 4/2 below.
c 200 items in envelope; photographic print and paper.
1934–1935
2 China: Diary fragment. The file comprises a copy typescript of part of ERL's diary of a river journey between Hankow and Ichang, describing local politics and fellow passengers.
1 sheet in envelope; paper.
3 China: Transcription and translation. The file comprises a manuscript transcription of the text on a Chinese print, with a typescript translation into English.
2 sheets in envelope; paper.
4 Map of Hong Kong and the New Territories. Scale: 3/4" to 1 mile.
1 sheet in envelope; paper.
1936
5 Botel Tobago: Notes on Yami boat building, weaving and pottery. The notebook contains autograph manuscript and typescript notes with related drawings, diagrams and tracings of ornamentation. The notes include references to photographs taken by ERL (see 4/15-16).
1 notebook in envelope; paper.
1936–1937
5A Botel Tobago: field notes. The notebook contains autograph manuscript and typescript notes on type (physical characteristics, dress), houses including furnishings, boats, agriculture, methods of fishing, ceremonial (dances, birth, marriage and adolescence customs, games), sexual regulations, religion (medicine, burial), local organization (inheritance, law and justice), culture origins, charms, seasonal occupations, and timekeeping. Includes related drawings, diagrams, and maps.
1 notebook in envelope; paper.
1936–1937
6 Botel Tobago: Notes and articles on boat building. The file comprises:. - off-prints of eight articles by James Hornell on boat building in different countries, annotated with the author's compliments, 1931-9;. - copy typescript notes 'Comb cleats on Yami boats', by ERL for Hornell, 1937;. - 2 autograph letters signed and 3 typed letters signed from Hornell to ERL, 1937, 1939.
14 items in envelope; paper.
1931–1939
7 Botel Tobago: Diary-style account of sailing with the Yami. Typescript.
1 sheet in envelope; paper.
21 Mar. 1937
8 Botel Tobago: 'Yami clothing from Botel Tobago Island'. The file comprises a typescript with related drawings and photographs.
57 items in envelope; paper and photographic print.
1936–1937
9 Botel Tobago: Letter from Nancy Grasby to ERL. The file contains an autograph letter signed from Nancy Grasby of the University of California to ERL, enclosing her own drawings and notes on Yami clothing, jewellery and technology, including drawings of a cradle and the frame for a fishing net.
28 sheets in envelope; paper.
2 Jan. 1938
10 Botel Tobago: Notes on silver working techniques and photographs. The file comprises typescript notes, with diagrams and photographs, on silver working techniques; and assorted photographs of the Yami, their dress and boats.
23 items in envelope; paper and photographic print.
1936–1937
11 Botel Tobago: Notes on the Yami language. The file comprises autograph manuscript notes, with references to photographs taken at the back.
1 notebook in envelope; paper.
1936–1937
12 Botel Tobago: Extract from an official report on the health of the Yami. Printed report.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1930–1939
13 Botel Tobago: Letter from 'Stella' to ERL. The file contains a typed letter signed from 'Stella', writing from Shanghai, to ERL enclosing a clipping [from the North China Daily News] of report by Nancy Grasby on the Yami, 9 May 1937.
2 items in envelope; paper.
1 June 1937
14 Botel Tobago: Issue of 'Colliers', 19 Mar. 1938. The journal includes, on pp. 27-30, an article by Jim Marshall on the Yami. The article is annotated with a note from 'Trevor' to ERL, 4 Apr. 1938.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1938
15 Botel Tobago: Photographs. The file comprises photographs of the Yami, their housing, boats and dress and of fellow expedition members.
c 200 items in envelope; photographic print.
1936–1937
16 Botel Tobago: Glass slides.
47 slides in wooden box; glass.
1936–1937
17 Botel Tobago: Line drawings of Yami houses.
8 sheets in folder; paper.
1936–1937
18 Kurdistan: Travel permit. The file contains a typescript letter of introduction and a travel permit for ERL, addressed to the Mutasarrifs of Sulaimani, Kirkut and Arbil.
2 sheets in envelope; paper.
1938
19 Kurdistan: Card indexes. 1. Index to ERL's notes;. 2. Index to the Kurdish language.
2 bundles in envelopes; paper.
1938
20 Kurdistan: Photographs. The file comprises photographs of local countryside, villages and their inhabitants and agricultural activity.
79 items in envelope; photographic print.
1938
21 Kurdistan: Notes. The file contains assorted autograph manuscript notes on kinship terminology, tobacco cultivation, tribal organisation and local economics and politics; maps of the region.
1 folder in envelope; paper.
1938
21A Unrelated items found in 4/21. Items found in 4/21 which are apparently unrelated:. - TS advertisement for 'The Behaviour of Animals, An Introduction to its Study' by E.S. Russell. - Card probably belonging to ERL/4/19. - Invitation to the Hobhouse Memorial Lecture at Bedford College for Women which has language notes on the reverse. - Garage receipt for T.K. Leach Esq.
4 items; paper.
1938–1939
22 Kurdistan: 'A visit to Alamut in 1920' by C. J. Edmonds from 'Geographical Journal' vol. LXXVII, no. 6, June 1931. The file comprises an off-print of the article.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1931
23 Burma: notes on language. The file contains autograph manuscript notes on the languages in use in the Kachin Hills of North East Burma, including language exercises and lists of vocabulary, and notes on North Kachin Levies business and carbon paper bearing a related telegram.
3 notebooks and 1 sheet in envelope; paper.
1941–1948
24 Burma: letters received. The file comprises: . - 2 autograph letters signed from [illegible - military colleague] to ERL, from medical evacuation station in the Punjab, Nov. 1942;. - autograph letter signed from V. J. Dunlop to ERL, from Akyab, Burma, 28 Mar. 1949;. - autograph letter signed from Norman Dennis to ERL, from Oxford, 19 Oct. 1949.
4 items in envelope; paper.
1942–1949
25 Burma: accounts. The notebook contains an Imprest account of ERL's expenses as Assistant Superintendant, Civil Affairs Service, Myithyina District, recording wages of local inhabitants employed as escorts and translators. The notebook is mostly blank.
1 notebook in envelope; paper.
July 1943-Nov. 1943
26 Burma: memorandum on civil supplies. The file comprises a copy typescript memorandum from ERL, 'SOCA II 14th Army', to 'DCCAO HQ 14th Army' on civil supplies for the Fort Hertz area.
1 sheet in envelope; paper.
2 June 1944
27 Burma: medical report. The file comprises a report of ERL's medical examination on discharge from the Army, 8 Oct. 1945; with ERL's notes on his medical history from childhood to date, [1945].
1 item in envelope; paper.
1945
28 Burma: Assorted background papers and notes on the hill tribes of North Burma. The file includes extracts from 19th and 20th century British government reports on the area; notes from reading; and accounts of explorations.
1 folder in envelope; paper.
c. 1850–1946
29 Notes from reading on Burma and Assam. Autograph manuscript notes.
1 folder in envelope; paper.
1940–1949
30 Burma: Research notes on the tribes of the Kachin Hills. The file includes autograph manuscript and typescript notes on languages, kinship terminology, socio-economic conditions observed in Namtammai valley, Sept. 1943 and Mar. - Apr. 1944 and Nogmung, Mar. - Apr. 1944; letters from J. Leyden; Army memoranda; and a lecture on the history of Social Anthropology.
1 notebook with many loose inserts; paper.
1943–1956
31 Assorted printed maps of North Burma.
29 sheets in 2 envelopes; paper.
1920–1949
32 Burma: glass slides. Includes printouts of digital images of the slides in the 3 cardboard boxes.
1 wooden box, 3 small cardboard boxes, 1 CD and 1 bundle of papers; glass, disk and paper.
1943–1946
33 Burma: manuscript map. The file comprises an autograph manuscript map of area showing Kachin settlements and languages spoken.
1 sheet in envelope; paper.
1945–1949
34 Burma: 2 photographs of tribespeople of the Kachin Hills.
2 items in envelope; paper.
1940–1949
35 Burma: Correspondence. The file contains correspondence concerning ERL's proposed field trip to the frontier area of North Burma in 1947.
1 folder in envelope; paper.
1946–1947
36 Card index to books on Burma.
c 200 cards in wrappers; paper.
37 Burma: Issue of 'Asian Horizons', Vol. 2, No. 3, Autumn-Winter 1949-50. The journal includes an article by J. S. Furnivall on Burmese independence, on pp. 40-54, and a poem by Gordon Hannington Luce, on pp. 38-9.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1949–1950
38 Burma: Correspondence with John F. Embree and J. P. Mills. The file contains correspondence with John F. Embree of Yale University and J. P. Mills of the School of Oriental and African Studies, and typescript notes on the gazetteer 'Ethnic groups of Northern Southeast Asia' (Yale University South East Asia Studies, 1950).
1 bundle in envelope; paper.
1950
39 Burma: Correspondence. The file comprises:. - typed letter signed from Lloyds Bank, Fleet, Hants. to ERL, 10 July 1939;. - autograph letter signed from John Leyden to ERL, 7 Nov. 1950;. - 2 autograph letters signed from R. S. Willie to ERL, 9 and 27 Dec. 1950;. - 3 typed letters signed from P. R. West of Balliere, Tindall and Cox, Medical and Scientific Publishers, to ERL, 16, 19 and 30 Jan. 1951.
9 sheets in envelope; paper.
1939–1951
40 News cuttings on the new Burmese constitution. The file contains photocopied news cuttings from 'The Working People's Daily' of Rangoon.
1 item in envelope; paper.
21 Apr. 1972–22 Apr. 1972
41 News cutting reporting an earthquake in Burma. The file contains a news cutting from the New York Times, 24 July 1975, with covering typed letter signed from Rodney [Needham] to ERL, 1 Aug. 1975.
2 items in envelope; paper.
1975
42 Burma: maps and notes. The file contains assorted photocopied maps of Burma's frontier with China and an extract from the 'Upper Burma Gazetteer' (1900) on the cultivation of opium, with typescript notes by ERL critical of a recent film on the opium trade, possibly written in the 1970s.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1900–1979
43 Sarawak: subject files series.
4 files in 2 envelopes; paper.
1947
44 Sarawak: Field notes.
8 notebooks; paper.
June 1947-Oct. 1947
45 Sarawak: Genealogies. The notebooks are labelled as follows: . 1. 'Rh. Malanjan S. Spaak T. R. Jabing';. 2. 'Rh. Plandok S. Paku Betong'.
2 notebooks in envelope; paper.
1947
46 Sarawak: Notes from reading on ethnic divisions and social structure.
2 notebooks; paper.
1947
47 Sarawak: Assorted research notes and drafts compiled in the field. The files include material relating to the census, different ethnic groups, aspects of agricultural production; progress reports and correspondence with 'supervisors' Raymond Firth and Audrey Richards.
2 envelopes; paper.
1947
48 Sarawak: 'Report on a visit to Kemabong, Labuan and Interior Residency, British North Borneo 1st-8th Nov. 1947'. The file contains typescripts of the report.
2 items in envelope; paper.
10 Nov. 1947
49 Sarawak: Correspondence with Tom Harrisson. The file comprises:. - 5 autograph letters signed and 6 typed letters signed from Tom Harrisson to ERL;. - 1 typed letter signed and 6 copy typed letters from ERL to Harrisson;. - part of a typescript article by Harrisson critical of ERL's 1947 tribal classification, 1954;. - 1 autograph letter signed, from M. Dickson to ERL, enclosing a photograph of a 'head house' at Kg Pichin, 3 Nov. 1947;. - 1 typed letter signed from Raymond Firth to ERL and 1 typed letter signed from ERL to Firth, 1949.
34 sheets in envelope; paper.
1947–1959
50 Sarawak: 'Nomenclature of indigenous groups in Sarawak and Brunei'. The file contains part of a roneo typescript memorandum by Tom Harrisson, prepared in connection with the census.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1947
51 Sarawak: Papers written by Tom Harrisson. The file comprises an issue of the 'Sarawak Gazette' including 2 articles, 1 Mar. 1947; a cutting 'The ethics of head hunting', [from the 'Sarawak Tribune'] 25 Feb. 1951; and an off-print 'Science and the arts' from 'The colony of Sarawak annual report 1951' (Government Printing Office; Kuching, 1951).
3 items in envelope; paper.
1947–1951
52 Sarawak: 'Banchian Di-Sarawak Dan Brunei, Tahun 1947'. Malay version of the census form with explanatory notes.
1 booklet in envelope; paper.
1947
53 Sarawak: 'Report on Padi in Sarawak 1938'. The file contains a copy of the 'Report on Padi in Sarawak 1938' (Kuching, 1938) by C. L. Newman, Agricultural Officer, Malayan Agricultural Service; and a cutting, 'Asian rice prospects' from 'The Times', 12 Dec. 1947. The report has been annotated by ERL 'This is a first class document 5 July 1947'.
2 items in envelope; paper.
1938–1947
54 Sarawak: 'Qualifications'. The file comprises a typescript headed 'Qualifications', possibly part of the introduction to ERL's report to the Colonial Social Science Research Council setting out his anthropological experience in China and Burma since the early 1930s.
1 sheet in envelope; paper.
1948
55 Sarawak: Correspondence concerning manuscript material. The file comprises:. - 2 autograph letters signed and typescript notes from Anthony Richards to ERL concerning the manuscript material on 19th century Sarawak in the library of St Augustine's College, Canterbury, 27 May and 28 June 1948;. - copy typed letter from ERL to Canon R. H. L. Brereton concerning access to the personal papers of W. W. Brereton, a friend of Rajah James Brooke, 8 Aug. 1948, with related typescript notes.
3 items in envelope; paper.
1948
56 Sarawak: Assorted papers and correspondence concerning the research of Ju-Kang Tien. The file includes correspondence with Tien and Raymond Firth and an undated copy typescript 'Report on a survey of overcrowding in Kuching' by Tien. Tien's research was commissioned by the Colonial Social Science Research Council to study the social and economic organisation of the Chinese community in Sarawak. ERL acted as his supervisor.
38 items in envelope; paper.
1948–1950
57 Sarawak: paper on Chinese social groups in Sarawak. Typescript paper.
Creator: Ju-Kang Tien.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1950–1989
58 Sarawak: Correspondence between ERL and Derek Freeman. ERL acted as Freeman's supervisor in Sarawak. The file comprises 6 autograph letters signed, 4 typed letters signed and 1 autograph postcard signed from Derek Freeman to ERL, 1949-59; and a copy typed letter from ERL to Freeman, 6 Apr. 1949.
13 sheets in envelope; paper.
1949–1959
59 Sarawak: Letters from Rodney Needham to ERL. 2 typed letter signed from Rodney Needham in Sarawak to ERL.
4 sheets in envelope; paper.
6 Sept. 1951–1 Oct. 1951
60 Sarawak: letter from Anthony Richards to ERL. The file comprises 1 autograph letter signed, from Anthony Richards to ERL concerning a dictionary of the Iban language, 13 Mar. 1973, with related correspondence.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1973
61 Sarawak: photographs. The file comprises assorted photographs of the peoples of Sarawak, their housing, costumes, rites, art and technology.
c 500 items in box; photographic print.
1947
62 Printed maps of Sarawak and British North Borneo.
4 sheets in envelope; paper.
1899–1948
63 Ceylon: Field notes. The entries in the notebooks are arranged chronologically.
10 notebooks; paper.
June 1957-Dec. 1957
64 Ceylon: Index to field notes. The index covers subjects, people and bibliography, compiled by Miss Redwood, research student.
1 drawer of cards divided into 3 sections; paper.
1950–1959
65 Ceylon: Field notes. The notebooks contain notes on kinship, comprising the names of villagers, diagrams of family structure and Sinhalese vocabulary.
3 notebooks; paper.
1954
66 Ceylon: Notes on kinship.
1 folder in envelope; paper.
1954
67 Ceylon: Sketch maps and diagrams of Pul Eliya village. The file contains sketch maps and diagrams of Pul Eliya village, showing various property holdings, land uses, roads, irrigation tanks and channels; also a copy typed letter from ERL to [unknown first name] Weerakoon concerning 'badu' land tenure, 30 Aug. 1954, and W's notes in reply.
12 items in envelope; paper.
1954
68 Ceylon: Assorted cuttings from Sinhalese newspapers.
24 items in envelope; paper.
June 1954-July 1954
69 Ceylon: Correspondence while in the field. The file includes extensive correspondence with Nur Yalman, and also with Meyer Fortes, B. H. Farmer and Ralph Pieris.
1 folder and 1 bundle in envelope; paper.
July 1954-Nov. 1954
70 Ceylon: Accounts for field work-related income and expenditure.
1 notebook; paper.
May 1954-Nov. 1954
71 Ceylon: slides. Assorted slides of Ceylon and Pul Eliya in particular, with lists in hand of Miss Redwood, research student.
21 box and 10 strips in paper wrappers; paper.
1954
72 Ceylon: language exercises. The file contains autograph manuscript language exercises in English and Sinhalese, with Sinhalese in practice instruction booklets.
1 folder and 3 booklets in envelope; paper.
1954
73 Ceylon: Assorted background papers assembled by ERL.
3 envelopes; paper.
1876–1963
74 Ceylon: Detailed correspondence and research notes exchanged with Nur Yalman. The file includes:. - comments on Nur Yalman's paper 'On some aspects of the social structure and land organisation in a village in the Kandian Highlands of Ceylon', Jan.-Nov. 1955;. - 1 typed letter signed from Raymond Firth to ERL, 23 Nov. 1954;. - 5 covering autograph letters signed from ERL to Meyer Fortes sending on NY's work, May-Nov. 1955, and 1 undated autograph letter, signed, from Fortes to ERL in reply;. - 2 typed letters signed from NY to Meyer Fortes, 24 Jan. and 11 Apr. 1955;. - 1 copy typed letter from ERL to W. K. C. Guthrie, 14 Jan. 1955;. - 1 autograph letter, signed, from Guthrie to Meyer Fortes, 12 Jan. 1955.
8 items and 1 folder in envelope; paper.
1954–1955
75 Ceylon: 'Land tenure in Pulleliya [sic] village, N. C. P.'. The file contains copy typescripts of the paper.
1 item in envelope; paper.
1955
76 Ceylon: Folder of assorted contents. The file comprises:- . - notes from reading taken by ERL and Miss Redwood, [1950s];. - news cuttings, 1954, 1956;. - undated typescript 'The Piruvu' by an unknown author;. - correspondence concerning hostile Sinhalese newspaper report of ERL's activities, 1954-5;. - 4 typescript papers by ERL on social groups, land tenure and caste in Pul Eliya, each with Nur Yalman's comments, [1955].
24 items in envelope; paper.
1954–1956
77 '1956 Ceylon'. The file comprises:. - formal group photograph of 11 unidentified individuals, stamped on back 'Australian news and information bureau';. - autograph manuscript note from S. Tambiah [to accompany a paper- not present];. - plans of Upathgawa and Kumbukwewa villages issued by the Surveyor General's Office, Colombo, 1907;. - correspondence concerning access to Sinhalese archives, with lists of relevant documents, 1956;. - typed letter signed from Meyer Fortes to ERL concerning the field work in Ceylon of Jean Pratt, 26 July 1956;. - autograph letter signed from Pratt to ERL on same subject, 26 July 1956;. - papers relating to the report of the Land Commission, 1956-7.
1 folder in envelope; paper.
1907–1957
78 Ceylon: material used in ERL 'Pul Eliya, a village in Ceylon'. The file contains undated illustrative material used in ERL 'Pul Eliya, a village in Ceylon: a study of land tenure and kinship' (CUP: Cambridge, 1961), comprising copy typescript tables, reproduced as nos. 5 and 6 on pp.184-5; a photocopied diagram, reproduced as no. 2 on p.150; a map, reproduced as map G on p. 37; and assorted photographs.
4 items in envelope; paper.
1961
79 Ceylon: maps and diagrams. The file contains assorted maps of Ceylon and diagrams of water tanks and land distribution in Pul Eliya.
1 bundle in large folder and box; paper.
1822–1959
80 India and Nepal: Diaries.
4 tablet notebooks in 2 envelopes; paper.
1976
81 India and Nepal: 'Photos. and articles on Allar of Kerala S. India A. A. D. Luiz'. The folder comprises:-. - news cuttings from Indian Mail by A. A. D. Luiz on Kerala tribes, Summer 1958;. - undated copy typescript notes on Kurichchian tribe;. - an undated album of photographs taken by Luiz, 'Tribes of Kerala';. - photostat of Sadhu Manicka Seevan 'Miracle of hair' (Bangalore, 1963).
1 folder in envelope; paper.
1958–1963
82 Assorted news cuttings from Indian and Nepali papers.
8 items in envelope; paper.
Sept. 1976
83 India and Nepal: Catalogues of books sold by Manhar Book Service of New Delhi.
4 pamphlets in envelope; paper.
1988
84 Maps and guide books for India. The maps and guide books relate especially for the state of Kerala and its Hindu shrines.
11 items in envelope; paper.
1970–1979
85 India and Nepal: slides and postcards. The file contains commercially produced colour slides of Benares and colour postcards of Indian and Nepali buildings, shrines and people.
12 slides in plastic sleeve and c60 postcards; paper and film.
1970–1979
86 Omei Shan. File containing typescript notes and photographs relating to a visit to Omei Shan, from 19 July until 3 August 1935.
Paper.
July 1935-August 1935
87 Diary of a journey to China. Typescript diary covering 12 October until 13 November 1933.
32 pages; Paper.
October 1933-November 1933
88 Notebook containing Columbo diary. Diary describing time spent in Colombo between 26 June and 13 November 1954. Also includes notes and references at the back.
1 notebook; Paper.
June 1954-November 1954
89 Diary of a journey to Colombo. Carbon typescript.
52 pages; Paper.

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