Janus: Additional Manuscripts c

Trinity/Add.Ms.c contains:
<-- See earlier
79	C E Stuart: notebook on Seneca
80	Miscellaneous letters
81	Arthur Ingram: correspondence
82	Correspondence on Trinity College Library
83	Collectanea, Trinity College
84	Miscellaneous manuscript fragments removed from library books
85	Miscellaneous fragments, mostly modern Greek including one on miracles on Mount Athos
86	Offprints etc of works by P E B Jourdain
87	William Whewell: correspondence
88	William Whewell: correspondence
89	William Whewell: correspondence
See later -->

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Additional Manuscripts c

Title	Henry Sidgwick: letters received G-O
Reference	94
Covering Dates	1867–1905
Extent and Medium	1 box

Trinity/Add.Ms.c/94 contains:

Sir Francis Galton to Henry Sidgwick. Gratefully acknowledges HS having ordered the 'Health Statistics' for him, which arrived the previous day. Discusses the idea of encouraging 'honor girls' into early marriages, and to have large families. Contends that the offspring of such women would 'on the average be hereditarily gifted', and asserts his desire 'to swamp the produce of the ordinary proletariat by a better stock.' Expresses his wish that a 'dower-fund, as an equivalent to fellowships' be established. Proposes that a selection process be instituted, involving a board of women selecting successful candidates from among 'honor women not exceeding 23 years of age, who had achieved such and such college success'. Suggests that a sum of �50 be paid to such women on their marriage 'and �25 on the birth of each and every living child'. Maintains that 'the payment on the birth of each child would maintain the college tie and interest, and such other indirect and favorably effect might be anticipated.' Proposes that 'four such exhibitions ... annually and for perpetuity might be provided for, if their probable utility was vouched for by sensible men after due consideration.' Asks HS to give the matter some thought. .
1 doc.

25 Jun 1890

Alice Gardner to Henry Sidgwick. Asks for HS's opinion on 'the character of the papers set in Political Science' in that year, and on those set for the previous year's Historical Tripos. Also asks him whether he thinks that those who wish to retain 'that subject in the compulsory portion of the Tripos should feel satisfied with the knowledge tested in the above papers and in the instruction provided. Maintains that those who are likely to score highest in such papers should be encouraged to take the tripos, but contends that 'the paper of questions in Political Science should be such as to test substantial knowledge rather than powers of vague generalization - often on very scanty data.' Refers to the apparent inconsistency between the curriculum set out for the revised Historical Tripos, and the questions set in the papers for that examination. Maintains that some of the questions on that and the previous years' papers, 'in order to be answered at all adequately demand far more knowledge than it would be reasonable to expect the candidates to possess.' Admits being 'inclined to agree in part with the opinion of Mrs Langlois in the Historical Review for April on the uselessness of historical comparisons that are not close and definite.' Holds that the answers to several of the questions set in the papers are likely to be based on inaccurate knowledge 'eked out with ingenuity in concealing ignorance', and that the University ought not to encourage this practice. .
1 doc.

12 June 1890

Sir R. Giffen to Henry Sidgwick. Informs him that it would be advisable for HS to 'make a summary', as the 'Club' finds this preferable. Asks him to give it to him before Friday, so that it 'would be [ ] before the meeting.' .
1 doc.

24 Nov 1884

Helen Gladstone to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his letter, 'and for an endless number of other things - not least, for Newnham itself'. Speaks of the prosperity of the college, the pride she feels in it, the affection felt for it, and the pain of leaving it. Declares her intention to come to Newnham as much as she can 'for Councils and other festivities'. Declares her intention of going to Cannes in January with her parents. Sends her love to Nora. .
1 doc.

15 Dec 1896

W. E. Gladstone to Henry Sidgwick. Writes in relation to Budge, about whose future Mr Smith, 'Budge's old and kind employee', is concerned. Mentions that Smith suggested an application to the Foreign Office on his behalf, but Gladstone thinks Budge to be 'more made for study than for action', and had Cambridge in mind for his education. Asks HS, who had shown 'kind interest in this youth', for his opinion. .
1 doc.

14 Mar 1882

W. E. Gladstone to Henry Sidgwick. Claims to be 'absolutely powerless' in the matter of employment for Budge, and that he never uses his influence in this way', 'except in the case of a Private Secretaryship.' Mentions, and seems to dismiss, the position of Inspector of Schools. Also refers to the British Museum, where Budge 'is known to Dr Birch'. Claims that there are only two things he can and could do; 'to subscribe' or 'to tell at the Council Office, Museum, or wherever it may be, the story of his [ ] and struggling life.' Invites HS and Mrs Sidgwick to visit him the following Thursday at 10 am, if he comes to London. With envelope.
2 docs.

29 May 1882

[ ] Gizycki to Henry Sidgwick. In German. .
1 doc.

16 Nov 1878

[ ] Gizycki to Henry Sidgwick. In German. .
1 doc.

8 Feb 1879

[ ] Gizycki to Henry Sidgwick. In German. .
1 doc.

10 Mar 1880

[ ] Gizycki to Henry Sidgwick. In German. .
1 doc.

16 Jul 1886

E. L. Godkin to Henry Sidgwick. Discusses the Constitutional Convention and its functions. States that its most important aspect, from earliest times, has been that 'prominent men of each party' served it. Laments the fact that '[t]here has been a decided decline in the quality of the men sent to the last three conventions in New York'. Refers to the influence of men such as Platt and C[roker]. Refers to the referendum, and states that the legislature 'has become a caricature, and nearly all the states are trying to mitigate its evils by diminishing the number of its sessions. Informs HS that they have 'moved up to a house here for [our] last five weeks before sailing Sept. 3rd.' .
1 doc.

11 Aug [1898?]

E. L. Godkin to Henry Sidgwick. Acknowledges that the word 'revolutionary' as used by himself and fellow Americans has a different sense to that of the word used in a European context. The adjective, he explains, pertains to a period in history, rather than to social changes, such as occurred in France at the time of her revolution. Explains that the Federal Constitution 'has hitherto owed a great deal of its strength to the popular reverence for the "revolutionary" statesmen, that is, of the Revolution.' Maintains that a future decline in such reverence will have a major affect on government 'that you in England will regret some day, having encouraged it.' Expresses the wish that he could have explained the above face-to-face, and expresses his gratitude to HS for having read his book. Laments the fact that they leave the following day 'and sail on Saturday'. Praises the weather and the scenery. Passes on his regards and those of his wife to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

1 Sep [1898?]

Charles Gore, bishop of Birmingham, to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for his book, and for what he says about 'clerical veracity'. Anxious to 'keep [their] reputation clear.' .
1 doc.

27 Jan 1895

Charles Gore, bishop of Birmingham, to Henry Sidgwick. Claims to know of no book 'which exactly deals with the question [of the end of the world].' Discusses the treatment of the end of the world in the Bible, reported references made by Jesus to it, and the various theological views extant on it. Refers to Charles' Eschatology and S[ ]'s article 'Jesus Christ in Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible. Quotes verses from Mark and Matthew. .
1 doc.

11 May 1900

[G.], Lord Goschen to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS to accept the enclosed invitation [not included] to deliver an address. Informs him that he had first asked Arthur Balfour to carry it out, but it was the latter's view that it should be given by 'a real economist'. Explains that he [Goschen] had undertaken to deliver the address the previous year. .
1 doc.

18 Mar [1874]

J. R. Green of Macmillan and Co. to Henry Sidgwick. Informs HS that Macmillan and Co. are planning to publish a series of school primers on 'the more prominent Greek authors; Jebb is to produce the primer on Sophocles, Gladstone is to undertake that on Homer, and a friend of Green's is to write on Herodotus. Asks HS to undertake to produce a primer on Plato. States the aim of the series to be the fostering of 'a more popular interest in these subjects...and a more intelligent study of them' in schools. Mentions that he has been reading Dowden's primer on Shakespeare, and remarks on how informative and interesting it is. Explains the terms of payment which the company offers. .
1 doc.

21 May 1878

T. H. Green to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his letter. Mentions HS's article, which Appleton failed to send him. Regrets not having convinced him about Locke. With regard to 'the chair', claims that he believes that the majority of the electors had made up their minds against him 'before the book came out, and they are not likely to be changed by it, while Fowler, [his] chief supporter, may be alienated by it.' Claims that he has not been sleeping well for some time. .
1 doc.

27 May [ ]

T. H. Green to Henry Sidgwick. Announces that he is willing to write an essay on dogma 'and shall be proud for it to appear in company with discourses by Martineau and [Tayler]'. Thinks it possible that Jowett could be persuaded to write. In relation to the latter, remarks on his faith, and relationship with the Church of England, and on his work on Plato. Advises HS to get in contact with him directly. Suggests H. B. Wilson as an author of an essay. Believes it to be very important 'that religious men, who have broken with dogmatic [Christ]ianity as dogmatic, should come to some mutual understanding, so as to have a chance of reorganizing worship and religious beneficence when the present fabrics break up'. Expresses his wish to join HS's association. Gives his views on the form it should take, e.g., that it should be 'definitely Theistic' and that it should adopt as its basis the Nicene Creed, 'leaving out the "Virgin Mary", "Pontius Pilate", and the "third day". and everywhere substituting the present tense for the past or future.' Informs him that he has been staying there [in the Isle of Wight] for nearly a fortnight, and shall leave 'on Wednesday'. From 2 to 9 January 'shall be at Birkin Ferrybridge, Normanton'. Announces that he may be in London on the evening of 11 January to go to a club in Spring Gardens. Asks HS to recommend a suitable hotel in London. .
1 doc.

28 Dec [ ]

Charlotte Green to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses gratitude to HS for his 'kind words'. Recalls how her late husband [T. H. Green] was always so pleased to see him, and mentions the visits made by him and Mrs Sidgwick to Oxford. Explains that she had no time to write to her husband's friends about his illness. Refers to her husband's last wishes regarding his work, which he had nearly finished; she is to give it to Mr Andrew Bradley to publish. Reports that Johnnie has been to see her. Mentions that a volume of miscellaneous papers will be brought out later, to which there will be prefixed some biographical notes. Asks HS to 'put down any rough notes' of anything he remembers of her husband 'at Rugby or afterwards'. Expresses the hope that she will see him and Mrs Sidgwick some day. .
1 doc.

31 May 1882

Charlotte Green to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for the notes about her husband's 'earlier days', which he sent to her. Remarks that her husband spoke little of those times, but that she has been reading his Rugby letters to his father and sisters. Claims that HS's reminiscences 'will be very valuable in preparing a biographical sketch.' On her return to Oxford the following week she intends to go over the manuscripts with W. [R.] L. Kettleship and W. A. Bradley, 'with a view to the publication of lectures, not actually prepared for publication.' Announces that The Prolegomena to Ethics will be going through the press 'at once', and should be out in the Autumn. Expresses her sympathy for HS and his wife in their 'great sorrow'. .
1 doc.

8 Aug 1882

On behalf of Mrs Grote to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses the gratitude that Mrs G. feels towards HS for the paper on Jeremy Bentham that he contributed to the Fortnightly. In her view this review was 'urgently called for', as past works on him 'have never taken a thorough measure of either the man or his works. She believes herself to be the only person now living to be intimately acquainted with Bentham in his later years, from 1820 to 1832. She would be happy to receive a visit from HS should he come to London while she would still be in town, and 'to relate some particulars concerning the old Philosopher and his "ways"' to him. Relates that some years ago she presented to the British Museum a large amount of papers on the subject of the Christian Religion, all or most Bentham's own hand. Suggests that HS have a look at them. Sends her compliments to Mrs Sidgwick, whom Mrs Grote has never met, but whose mother she knew well. Details of Mrs Grote's movements - in London and Balliol College, Oxford - are given. .
1 doc.

17 May 1877

[H.] Grote to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses her pleasurable anticipation of HS's and Mrs Sidgwick's visit on 1 September. Assumes that the couple will take the 4.45 train from Charing Cross to [Gomshall and Shiere] Station, where they are to find 'a conveyance' awaiting them. .
1 doc.

21 Aug 1877

[H.] Grote to Henry Sidgwick. Declares that she has read the paper on the Sophists. Relates that she discussed the matter with Mr Jowett when he came to visit the previous Monday. Jowett admitted 'that G.G. was right but will have it that "Sophist" carried, at that period, no dyslogistic meaning'. Reports that, since HS's and Mrs Sidgwick's visit to her at Ridgeway, she has found another letter of M. Comte's from 1845, and offers to give him a copy of it. Mentions that she also neglected to show him 'a fine Autogr[aph] of A[ugustus] C[omte] - large hand - in flyleaf of "L'ensemble du Positivisme" 1848.' The last two pages of the latter work 'contain an urgent appeal to his followers to "keep him going", as the chief teacher of the Religion of Humanity.' Expresses her hope of seeing HS and Mrs Sidgwick again before she dies. Sends her thanks to Mrs Sidgwick 'for her little note'. Reports that she had a visit from George Darwin on the previous Sunday, who gave her HS's present address. Darwin informed her that he had been on a visit [with [F] Leveson Gower] to A[rthur] Balfour 'in the far north', in August. She expects Professor Alexander Bain and Benjamin Jowett to visit for a few days early in October. .
1 doc.

26 Sep 1877

Richard Burdon Haldane to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his pleasure at the news - from HS's brother-in-law - that HS is 'going to take a leading part in the organisation of [ ] for the future'. Expresses his willingness to get material from [ ], and offers his services in general. .
1 doc.

8 Jul 1891

J. W. Hales to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his wish to see the 'Cambridge Education' article, which HS had offered to show him. Hopes to write a short account of the Education movement in the sixteenth century. Asks whether it would be a good thing 'if one knew something more of the older life at the [University]', and remarks on how little interest is shown in it. Observes that Wordsworth's books might be useful in this project. States that '[t]here seemed a fair number' the previous day, and that he told their 'young friend of [HS's] coming document'. Mentions the possibility of HS giving a lecture on it one day, and asks him whether he is going to annotate it and add an introduction to it. Includes a suggested title for a guide to HS's Lent term lectures. .
1 doc.

3 Feb 1878

J.W. Hales to Henry Sidgwick. H. says that he will sign the document and thanks HS for writing about it, 'for the occasion really calls for something of the sort, [ ] sorry as he is that it should be so'. Says that four or five years ago he was so annoyed with Farm[ ]'s proceedings, [ ] to certain opponents, that he retired from the Committee of the N.S.Sr. - 'If I had not done so then, I should certainly have done it now'. States that anyone who says a word about [ ] now stands an excellent chance of being insulted by [ ]. Refers to the document being signed - 'or will sign the formal copy whenever he likes'. Thanks HS for leading the protest against insolence. Mentions sad note about Spedding. Sends regards to Mrs S. .
1 doc.

7 Mar [ ]

J. L. Hammond to Henry Sidgwick. Writes in relation to the subject of Tuition Reform, and puts forward a series of resolutions 'calculated to effect the objects [they] have in view.' Asks HS to add them to his own (if he thinks them of sufficient merit) 'for the consideration of non-residents and others who share [their] views.' Goes through the resolutions, which include subjects such as control of the tuition money. Gives his view that occasional lecturers 'should always be appointed distinctly as temporary employees of the College.' .
1 doc.

1 Nov 1867

Sir W. V. Harcourt to Henry Sidgwick. Sends HS a copy of his [Philistine] [ ] [not included]. Refers to an 'enclosed notice' [not included]. Asks him to look for a book called Hall on the Duty of [ ] and to return it to the library for him. .
1 doc.

8 Jan 1879

Sir W. V. Harcourt to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for dealing with his book. Remarks that HS is 'very hard to please'. Refers to his sentiment about philosophers, and states that he meant to make a second speech at the d[ ], to reply to those who were offended by the epithet that he used, but didn't. Compares his experience to 'the story of Sheridan'. .
1 doc.

19 Jan 1879

Sir W. V. Harcourt to Henry Sidgwick. Announces that he is sending his second son 'to begin his life' at Trinity College. Asks HS to 'take a friendly notice of him', and expresses his wish that the boy adopts from HS every thing except his opinions. Doesn't know 'whether he will [ ] [ ] need to be an apostle.' .
1 doc.

[Mar?] 1897

Sir W. V. Harcourt to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS to send an enclosed item [not included] to [Paller], whose Christian name he does not know. .
1 doc.

24 May [ ]

Sir W. V. Harcourt to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that all is well, and agrees with HS 'in thinking the result very satisfactory'. Announces that he shall be at Cambridge the following day. .
1 doc.

n.d.

Paul Hensel to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for his 'kind letter'. Informs him that he stays with his parents in Berlin during the holidays. Excuses his 'more than usually bad English'. Refers to the pamphlet on ethics PH (1899) (Ethisches Wissem und ethisches Handelin ein Beitrag zur Methodenlehre der ethik, which he had sent to HS, and also to several other German works on the subject, including Hoff[ding's] Ethik, and Paulsen's Ethik . The former work is based on utilitarianism and evolutionism. Of the latter he says that 'it gives a very pleasant survey of all the manifold conflicting standing-points by which a poor XIX century mind is tramelled and is very fair specimen of our much enduring and highly cultured time.' Refers also to [Heinthal's] Ethik, only to observe that HS need not waste his time reading it. Recommends Kohle's Ethik des Utilitarismus. Refers to the criticisms made by HS of his pamphlet as 'perfectly just', but claims to 'know very well that Bentham's theory of "coincidence" is expressly stated only in the Deontology'. Claims to regard the Deontology as a '"canonical book"'. Discusses Bentham and his 'right to demand "a fair trial" for disinterested conduct.' Refers to a remark quoted from [Windelband], which, he claims, does not state his [Hensel's] attitude towards Bentham, and also refers to his own 'polemical remarks on the utilitarian handling of "[Sitte]" and "[Recht]". Mentions Mill in relation to Bentham. Is surprised to see that HS has written an article on the latter, and expresses his desire to read it. .
1 doc.

16 Aug [1894]?

Paul Hensel to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for his letter, and for having sent him his essay on Bentham. Gives the reason for his delay in replying as his recent attack of influenza. Discusses the essay, which he found very interesting. States that his views of the Deontology have not been altered by his reading of the essay. Believes that the Deontology is 'the egoistical consequence[s] and foundation of J. B.['s] moral philosophy [and] a very faithful representation of the last phase of the philosopher's thinking.' Further discusses Bentham and the Deontology. Observes that he had neglected to mention W[unst's] Ethik in his last letter, and makes some comments on it and the ideas contained therein. Claims that the book has appeared at 'an unlucky moment'. Refers to Sigward's Verfragen der Ethik as a 'very beautiful little work'. Apologises for the standard of his English. .
1 doc.

1 Nov 1894

Auberon Herbert to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS to read an enclosed paper [not included], and give his opinions on it. Speaks of the difficulties that lie ahead; 'every politician...bidding for the favour of the workmen by promising them new social advantages, and turning the extension of the suffrage into a curse instead of a blessing by [sapping] their old habit of doing things for themselves'. Admits that one the suggestions embodied in the paper is one that HS himself mentioned once in conversation, and hopes that he doesn't mind Herbert having appropriated it. Intends to have 'a private meeting of friends later in the year to consider what could be done', and expresses the desire that HS could attend. .
1 doc.

17 Oct [ ]

Richard Hodgson to HS. Expresses regret at not having seen HS at Cambridge before the time of writing, in order to speak to him face to face of his feelings about HS's impending death. Speaks of the enormous influence that HS has had on him over the years, and of how much more he owes to him than to any other man. Concludes with 'I grieve, but with hope of peace and greater joy for you.' .
1 doc.

9 Aug 1900

Shadworth H. Hodgson to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for having sent him his Methods of Ethics, which he found on his return from a Christmas break in Lincoln. Admits to only having glanced at the book, but hopes to give it a more in-depth reading in the near future. Claims to be 'more fully occupied with general speculative questions...than ethical ones' at the present. Notes that there are passages in HS's book 'which contest views [he has] hitherto strongly held', and predicts that it will require some effort on his part to re-open question which he thought to have settled in his own mind. Asks if he had informed HS that Mr Bolton was elected 'at the Metaphysical [Society meeting] last time'. .
1 doc.

5 Jan 1875

Bernard Holland to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS to consider presiding over the Apostles Society annual dinner in 1900. Mentions previous men who have presided over the event, for example, T. T[aylor] in 1871, and Lord Houghton in 1880. Remarks that HS 'last presided in 1875.' Claims that it would give great pleasure to the society if he [Holland] could announce HS's participation 'on the 14th', and mentions the possibility of a second dinner for 1900. Claims that 'it would be good for the Society to hear an address from [HS].' States that [Ailsa] and he, 'or others, in London could do all the arrangements for [HS] next year.' Asks HS to let him know in a few days. .
1 doc.

17 Aug 1899

Bernard Holland to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his pleasure at receiving HS's letter, in which the latter declared that he would preside over the Apostles Society dinner in 1900, if Holland desired it. Declares that he would rather hear HS speak than 'Sir W.V.H.[Harcourt]', but agrees that his name 'would be the most potent with which to draw a large gathering'. Suggests that HS write to him asking him to preside, and declares that if he declines, that he [Holland] will proclaim HS as 'the President of 1900.' .
1 doc.

20 Aug 1900

Bernard Holland to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his contentment at the news that 'Sir W.H.[Harcourt]. gives a conditional acceptance for 1900'. Declares his intention to announce the news on the 14th, and states that he will say that if 'Sir W.H. [Harcourt]' should fail' HS will undertake the role. .
1 doc.

27 Aug 1899

Bernard Holland to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for his letter of 12 August. States that, in his view, there are two points on which 'the Commission' would like to receive HS's opinion, one being '[t]he value of assessment to income tax, or of [net] receipts from income tax as a guide or part guide to the relative taxable capacity of two countries', and the other Sir [Robert Giffen's] suggested method of obtaining the relative taxable capacities of the two countries. Suggests that HS write a short paper 'pointing out...any objections to this method', and believes that the paper 'would be of service in assisting the Commission to form their conclusions.' Announces that he has already asked Professors Marshall, Foxwell and B[ ] for their opinions on the subject, and they are considering the matter. Also states that he has directed copies of Sir [Giffen's] evidence and tables to be sent to HS. Gives the address to which HS should send his paper 'by the end of September'. .
1 doc.

14 Aug 1895

O.W. Holmes to Henry Sidgwick. Announces that he shall leave Ampthill the following day, and 'go to Balfour.' Expresses his desire 'to see [HS] and Cambridge together on Thursday'. .
1 doc.

10 Aug 1874

43/1-2

S. Dana Horton to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his enjoyment of his meeting with HS 'the other evening'. Encloses a card [included] with his address 'in the hope that [their] paths may intersect again.' (2 docs).
1 doc.

5 May 1891

R.H. Hutton to Henry Sidgwick. Asks if HS is going to ask Constables for us or are you waiting for [ n burk?]? He understands from [ ] would have sent it from [ ] [ ]. H. encloses a cheque for it [ ] Myers which [ ] many thanks and regrets that [ ] did it [ ]. He ask HS [ ] for [ ] Largely illegible. .
1 doc.

14 Jan 1871

R.H. Hutton to Henry Sidgwick. Asks when HS reviewed Spencer, and declares that he would like to read the review. Puts forward the claim that he and Spencer mean the same thing by a priori. Discusses the qualities of judgments that are a priori as opposed to those that are not; the perception of a leaf's greenness and a boy's cleverness, are not, in his opinion a priori judgments, whereas the judgment that an action is good or bad is a priori, because he claims to 'fully understand [sic] the action, independently of any comparison of it with other actions of a like kind'. .
1 doc.

13 Nov 1871

Richard H. Hutton to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his 'able and thoughtful criticism' of him in the Academy. Remarks that HS 'can hardly have read as much of the Goethe correspondence as [he has]'. Asks him if he knows the Stein letters. Is surprised to see how many people think he does not 'enter into the [charm] of Goethe's poetry'. Suggests that HS does not quite understand his meaning in relation to another point in the article, which, he maintains, 'rests on the assumption...that there is real and direct [ ] between God and man, and that the divine suggestion of [meteors] by him to the [ ] is no more a [breach] of [law], than the [ ] suggestion of [meteors]...by [their] most intimate friends.' .
1 doc.

19 Jul 1871

Richard H. Hutton to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his satisfaction with HS's proposal, if the latter 'will review the book as soon as [ ] the next volumes appear.' Reports that he has begun reading HS's book, which, he believes, will take quite some time to get through. Finds it to be 'wonderfully candid and lucid'. .
1 doc.

5 [Jul] 1875

Richard H. Hutton to Henry Sidgwick. States that he has mislaid HS's address, which he believes to be 18 Brookside, but is not sure. Mentions sending back [Schuyler], and that he wants to send the new edition of his Essays to HS . Asks HS to send him his address. .
1 doc.

11 Nov 1876

Leonard Huxley to HS. Expresses his gratitude to HS for his 'very charming and valuable sketch.' Remarks that it was 'a lucky hour when [they met] in Oxford', the alternative having been for Huxley to write 'a stranger's begging letter.' Sends regards to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

9 Jun 1898

T.H. Huxley to Henry Sidgwick. Apologises for the delay in replying to his letter, and cites the pressure of his occupation as an excuse. Expresses his delight at the news that HS intends 'to establish thorough teaching of Physical Science in Trinity College', but expresses the concern that too many subjects are being introduced, and that there are not enough people qualified to teach them. Discusses the requirements of a good teacher of chemistry, zoology, botany and geology. Gives his opinion on the qualities needed by good teachers, and discusses the importance of scientific instruction and information, and how the latter 'must be rigorously restricted within certain limits', i.e., to experimental physics with incidental chemistry, and botany. Remarks on the difficulty he envisages in finding someone competent to teach the scientific subjects at an acceptable level, but believes that 'any man of ability and teaching [ ] might very [soon] be trained for the purpose.' .
1 doc.

4 Dec 18[74?]

T.H. Huxley to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his gratitude for HS's Methods of Ethics, which he received the previous day. Uncertain as to when he will get around to reading it, as he has 'lately taken to sleep much better than [he] used to do', and the hours he used to spend reading are now lost to him. .
1 doc.

20 Dec 1874

T.H. Huxley to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that he has rectified his [concurrence] and sent a letter back to Mr Kegan Paul. Claims that he 'never knew where the securities were' and is glad they are to be in HS's custody. Trusts that they shall meet on the 24th [of October]. .
1 doc.

10 Oct 1889

Sir C.P. Ilbert to Henry Sidgwick. Thinks it to be 'quite possible that L[or}d Rosebery went no further afield for his authority than the Dictionary of National Biography. Quotes from the latter work. Concludes with the rhetorical question: 'Need we hunt further?' .
1 doc.

12 Jul [ ]

Sir C.P. Ilbert to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS to send on to him a 'night garment', which he left behind after his visit to Cambridge. Expresses his gratitude to HS and to his wife for their hospitality. .
1 doc.

n.d.

Henry James to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for his invitation to Cambridge in June and regretfully declines, citing his many London engagements as an excuse. Claims to have 'a delightful memory of [his] little visit to Cambridge a year ago'. Sends his very good wishes to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

28 May [ ]

R.C. Jebb to Henry Sidgwick. Note to HS informing him of the carrying of the proposal to admit women to the [Glasgow] University examinations, 'by overwhelming majorities - the first Grace passing by 398 votes to 32 - a majority of 366.' Concludes with a humorous poem on the subject. .
1 doc.

25 Feb 1881

W.S. Jevons to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for sending him a copy of his Methods of Ethics. Looks forward to 'studying it with care in the course of a month or two', but at present is occupied with 'a small book' that he is bringing out. Refers affectionately to the time he and his wife spent at Cambridge, and states that they 'have much reason to thank [their] kind friends there.' .
1 doc.

28 Dec 1874

W.S. Jevons to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for the copy of the additions to the new edition of Methods of Ethics. Remarks on HS's publishing of the additions separately as being 'a very liberal thing', and asserts that the book 'has done great service to the cause of accurate thinking'. Claims that 'all good candidates for London degrees make a point of reading it', and that, as a result, there is 'a sensible improvement in the mode of thinking on the subject.' Suggests that sometime in the future, when several of his proposed articles on [ ] have appeared, HS might give his opinion on 'the success or otherwise of [Jevons'] attack on Mill's [Logicalness]. .
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20 Dec 1877

W.S. Jevons to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for sending him printed copies of Marshall's Theory of Trade [Foreign Trade... and Domestic Value ]. Declares his problems to be 'exceedingly ingenious and very important for throwing light on difficult points of pol[itical] econ[omy].' Refers to his own and HS's differing interpretations of one of Marshall's points regarding the method of diagrams and the method of symbols. States that he has 'for some time past been inquiring into the history of the mathematical treatment of Economics', and hopes eventually to publish his findings. Refers to the Recherches sur les Principles Mathematiques de la Theorie des Richesses by Augustin Cournot, which he believes to be 'a very beautiful piece of mathematical analysis applied to the laws of supply and demand'. Refers to an enclosed list (not included). Announces that he will refer to Professor Marshall's inquiries in the new edition of his Theory. Expresses his satisfaction at getting HS's ideas about his attack on Mill, but disagrees with him on a point in relation to Herbert Spencer. Claims that in Mill 'contradiction is of the essence of his method'. Hopes some day to complete his criticism and prove his assertions, but claims to be not equal to finishing all he undertakes. .
1 doc.

28 Feb 1879

W.S. Jevons to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS for 'the exact reference to the letter in which Bentham uses the term 'Utitlitarian''. as mentioned by HS in the Fortnightly Review of May 1877, volume xxi, page 648. .
1 doc.

13 Oct 1879

William Cory [aka Johnson] to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his surprise at being invited to the [Conversazione] Society's dinner. Gives his address in North Devon. Invites HS to his home, where he could ensure him, 'absolute seclusion for literary work, with very good air on high ground, plenty of shade, cool rooms. No dust or flies or formalities.' Refers to the visits of Montagu Butler, who had brought a man called Pratt with him the previous year. Hears reports of HS through another guest. Also mentions the visit of Frederick Pollock and his wife. Announces his intention of being in Zurich during the month of July, but intends to be 'fixed' in his home in Devon for the rest of the year. Claims that he is 'not rich enough to go to London' that he 'shrink[s] from "society" out of the neighbourhood in which [he has] business to transact'. Claims that he never 'was fit to be a member of the C.C.S.' .
1 doc.

21 May 1875

William Johnson [post Cory] to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that his headmaster 'has commited himself to the teaching of physics' at Eton, and is unable to find anyone to come and teach it there. Asks HS if he thinks it worthwhile to invite Danby, who is at Trinity, to the school to teach the subject during June and July. States that the post would only be temporary as Hornby 'has an Oxford man in view whom he hopes to appoint.' Claims that his contemporaries at Trinity 'are not so much interested in the enlargement of schooling', and doubts whether they knew Danby by sight. Reports that there are soon to be 'two men resident [at Eton] one professing experimental science the other natural history, [say] botany', and that the mathematical teachers begin that week 'teaching the element of mechanics and astronomy.' Relates that seven or eight of their classical men will be working [at] French, and that a third French master is to be added to the two existing ones, but cannot be found. Also reports that their German, 'hitherto an extra master, is to teach about thirty volunteers out of the first hundred boys', that the Italian master probably will do the same, and that 'Hornby thinks of absorbing the residue, in logic, himself.' States that 'play hours remain unbroken' however. Announces that he has asked Balfour to let him see the questions HS set him in philosophy. Expresses the hope of persuading John [Mozley] 'to do the same in King's'. Reports that a year ago he sent to the latter a schedule of Jowett's and Ilbert's subjects for essays, 'but nothing came of it.' Assures HS that Hornby would remunerate Danby 'like any London lecturer such as Rodwell when Browning [tried]', and that he would be 'made comfortable'. Declares that Eton is 'a very pleasant place in summer.' .
1 doc.

3 May 1868

William Ernest Johnson to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to an enclosed solution of the 'puzzle of hypotheticals' [included], which he believes to be 'perfectly satisfactory'. Claims to show that 'the two hypotheticals, alleged to be contradictory, are not in reality incompatible with one another.' Use such propositions as "If X is Y, H is K" and IF X is Y, H is not K" and the method of Reductio ad absurdum to illustrate his theory. Concludes by expressing the hope that he has succeeded in making his position clear to HS. Letter is accompanied by the solution purporting to demonstrate the fallacy regarding the above two propositions. (2 docs) .
1 doc.

13 Mar 1894

William Ernest Johnson to Henry Sidgwick. Admits that he may have spoken too strongly 'in implying that the method of Reductio ad absurdum would necessarily be formulated as If P then Q If P then not Q _ not P' Refers to two enclosed examples (included) 'in which this would seem the natural analysis.' Claims to be unable to 'find any good case (except from Geometry) of the method.' Would like to send to HS 'a good case of such an argument', but cannot find one. Letter accompanied by examples of two of Euclid's proposals in which the method of reductio ad absurdum is used, both involving geometry. (2 docs).
1 doc.

14 Mar 1894

E.E.C. Jones to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses her extreme sadness at the news of HS's illness, and her appreciation of his having wrote to her. Claims that helping him 'is the greatest privilege [she] could possibly have', and that she owes him very much. Wishes him a return to good health. .
1 doc.

30 May [ ]

Sir Henry Jones to Henry Sidgwick. Excuses himself for writing to HS; explains the delay that he had hesitated to write, and had asked advice on the matter, and decided on 'the more prudent course of seeking to tax [HS] unconquered.' Asks him to 'look thro' the enclosed circular' [not included]. Refers to Professor [ ], as 'one from whom [he has] learnt', and wonders whether HS is acquainted with him or his writings. Speaks of him in affectionate terms. Refers to the fact that Mr Mac[ ] has already sent a circular to HS, and to the latter's kindness to him [Jones] during his visit to Cambridge. Sends his regards to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

5 Apr 1890

Benjamin Jowett to Henry Sidgwick. Explains his delay in replying to HS's note. States that he cannot take part in the volume of Essays, and conveys his best wishes for the success of the undertaking. .
1 doc.

25 Jan 1869

C. Kingsley to Henry Sidgwick. Claims that he was unaware that he 'was wanted in matters related to the Moral Sciences Tripos', and if he had known he would 'have come up to Cambridge. States that he had intended to come up on the 9th and 10th of the following month, but puts himself at others' disposal 'if it is at all convenient to [them] to have the meeting earlier'. Refers to HS's proposition of giving the men the [ ] [ ] [by] [ ], 'and if that was settled on, [he] would do something next term towards shewing the men what they should read'. Reports that he [and his wife] had been that day to see Mrs Br[uson], 'who was looking much better than [they] expected.' Mentions that his wife saw [neither of] the little boys, just after they arrived.'.
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23 Nov 1869

C. Kingsley to Henry Sidgwick. Asks when he should begin lecturing. Believes that the men 'are expected to be up on Jany. 30'. Asks whether he should have his 'one lecture per week at the beginning, or at the end, of a week', and whether he should begin on Saturday 8 February, or on Monday 10 February. Thinks that his first lecture should be a general one [on the 'Dutch Struggle']. .
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13 Jul 1868

C. Kingsley to Henry Sidgwick. States that Tuesday would be a better day for him than Monday, and that it would suit him better to begin lecturing on 18th, than to begin earlier. Intends to write to [Ely] 'to get a notice out.' Asks HS what he should say apart from '"For the Poll men"' [when he writes], Agrees to give HS his lecture notes. Discusses his plans for the lectures he is to give; 'Beginning with the Borgia Popes, I shew what a fearful place the world had [been going], and what a revolutionary epoch it was.' Intended then to give 'a historic sketch of the popes and a lecture on the Reformation.' Will let HS know shortly. Intends to go to Sandringham from Thursday to Monday, and will probably visit Cambridge on his way back. Proposes to call in on HS, to 'talk things over'. .
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26 Jan 1868

James T. Knowles to Henry Sidgwick. Informs HS that Sir John [Lubbock's] paper 'on the "moral condition of the lower races of man"' is scheduled for Wednesday 12 January at 8.30pm. Asks him to let him know if he wishes to dine with the Metaphysical Society at 6.30. Approves of the subject proposed by HS for a paper, and asks him if it would be convenient for him to read it in March or April. .
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31 Dec 1869

Kintaro Kaneko to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that he has translated HS's 'opinion on the Japanese Constitution', and presented it to Count Yumagata, the Prime Minister, and Count Ito, who were 'delighted to read so full a report on the Constitution from [the] English Jurists.' They asked him [Kameko] to write to HS to thank him. Relates that he has been appointed a Life Member and Chief Secretary of the House of Peers by the Emperor. The opening of their first parliament is to take place on 29 November 1890. Refers to a photograph album of 'Japanese scenery', which he sends to HS through the Japanese legation in London. .
1 doc.

27 Nov 1890

Andrew Lang to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS 'for the memoranda', which he has noted in the margin of his book. Asks him to let him know if he finds 'any "howlers"' in his [book on] argument. Maintains that the critics of the literary papers 'merely illustrate the evolution of myth, by not reading a book, and then telling fables about its contents,' .
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28 Jun [ ]

Andrew Lang to Henry Sidgwick. Tells HS that it is very good of him 'to attend to [his] paradoxes.' Admits that his 'Psychics' are very unpopular, 'but Tyler brought them in, and left them hanging in the air, and did little to the civilised side of them.' Informs him that he will find [fire walls] in his Modern Mythology. Reports that he has published more in the Westminster Gazette, and that the New Zealand [observations] 'will appear at length in the proceedings of their scientific society.' States that the performances 'were well tested, and quite unexplained.' Claims to know no competent anthropologist 'in the line of beliefs' apart from Fraser and Tyler. The latter has not been well and his wife has not allowed him Lang's book, '"for fear it might injure the brain".' Believes that Lyal has read it, and thinks that 'part II holds water'. Would correct the points in relation to 'S.P.R.' and hopes Myers had kept him straight.' States that he may 'correct in the French.' Refers to a comment made by HS on Hume and claims that he [Hume] 'certainly advised absolute disregard of evidence'. .
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9 Sep [ ]

W. Leaf to Henry Sidgwick. Sends a word puzzle, stating that he has found all of the words in dictionaries, but that one - 'agence' - is obsolete. States that 'Tyler is of course the correct spelling in the Masonic sense.' .
1 doc.

17 Feb 1895

Edward Lear to Henry Sidgwick. Writes that John [Symns or Symonds?] has sent him HS's name for two copies of his new book. Asks him to let him know if he should send them to him at Trinity College. Also asks him to do what he can 'to cause other victims to sacrifice themselves at the Altar of Corsican topography'. Would be grateful for any additions to his list, 'which will be kept open till the book is out, about 1st of December.' .
1 doc.

31 Oct [ ]

William E.H. Lecky to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for sending him his book on Ethics, which he has been looking through 'with great interest.' Believes that it will have a positive impact, as it is, in his opinion, 'by far the most comprehensive and elaborate investigation of the subject that has appeared in England for a long time'. Hopes that its impartial tone will assist in calming the 'theological bitterness' which has arisen around the subject. Refers to HS's remark about his [Lecky's] confustion of [ ] with Egoistic Hedonism, and to 'Mill's theory'. Hopes to avail himself of the light HS has thrown on the subject, when he is working on his own [performance] for another edition. Suggests that when HS comes to bring out another edition, he should have 'a short index mark', which would be an advantage given the numerous illustrations in the work. .
1 doc.

17 Dec 1874

William E.H. Lecky to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to the news - which he read in the Athaenaeum - that a new edition of HS's Methods of Ethics is soon to come out. Informs him that in a revised edition of the History of Morals, which appeared a few months previously, some of his [Lecky's] passages that HS criticised 'have been supported.' States that he mentions this only for HS's own sake, and informs him that he has mentioned in a short preface that '2 or 3 passages in [ ] edition have been expunged'. Offers to have his 'later [production]' sent to HS, if the latter gives him his address. .
1 doc.

9 Jun 1877

William E.H. Lecky to Henry Sidgwick. Remarks on HS's kindness in sending him his book, which he had already read. Expresses his contentment at receiving it, as he had been writing something on the subject 'before the S[ ] began' and hopes to go on with it. Mentions HS's remarks on the Machiavellianism of public life. Reports that within the previous quarter of an hour he had been writing about the T[ ] with King M[ ], 'without having the smallest [ ] notion of its merits!' Sends his regards to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

24 Feb 1898

Leconflet to Henry Sidgwick. Says that 'we have formed a committee to elevate a status to Alexis de Tocqueville. That the committee, which is composed of members of the Institute and the French parliament, wish to honour greatly eminent English persons, for which Tocqueville had much sympathy and admiration and estime. He says that they [ ] the excellent article which HS published in The McMillan Magazine, in 1865 and which contains an appreciation which is just and [ ] on our compatriots and we [ ] all particularly happy if HS would agree to [ ] accept their agreement in this excellentwork. He talks about the defense of liberty and the honour HS's memoir gives. He hopes that HS will partake in their idea which is transmitted a favourable [ ]. In French. .
1 doc.

29 Aug 1897

Sir William Lee-Warner to Henry Sidgwick. Announces that he is back in England, but that he returns [to India] the following week. Expresses the wish that he could have come to Cambridge to see HS, but explains that he is 'rather heavily taxed' and 'can only afford 1_1 for the [Bowen].' Lists reasons as to why the British administration is 'infinitely better' than the Indian one. Sends him a copy of his lecture [not included]. Sends his regards to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

19 Dec 1894

Leone Levi to Henry Sidgwick. States that he has 'no reason to believe that Debentures were included in the amount of 'Calls' received by Joint Stock Companies, as in Share capital of Railways.' Asserts that the amount of capital paid up belongs to shareholders, who are also liable for the amount of debenture, and that he has 'no means of estimating the amount of Capital borrowed by companies', which will 'vary very much with the nature of the business.' .
1 doc.

18 Dec 1886

[Prof.] Li�geois to HS. Thanks HS for his letter of 24 December etc. Mentions writing to M.M. Myers In French. .
1 doc.

31 Jul 1892

Rev. J. B. Lightfoot to Henry Sidgwick. Explains that he is unable to attend the Erasmus meeting, having already accepted an invitation for that evening. Asks HS to 'deal mercifully' with him in his absence, and to give him 'no. IV' of his programme. Declares that he 'could not touch no. II', as he has only the most s[ ] notions about socialist [ ].' .
1 doc.

22 Oct 1878

Rev. J. B. Lightfoot to Henry Sidgwick. Declares that he does not remember 'whether anyone undertook the office of reconciler' the previous night. Offers his services, if he is wanted, and undertakes to show 'that there is no fundamental difference which need stand in the way of practical measures.' .
1 doc.

27 Nov 1878

Rev. J. B. Lightfoot to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to the announcement, which appeared in that day's newspapers, [concerning Lightfoot's appointment as Bishop of Durham]. Refers to it as 'this great trouble', and declares that he would value the sympathies of HS and men like him highly 'in this great trial of [his] life.' Refers to the uprooting of all the long associations and interests of more than twenty years'; he dares not dwell on his 'Cambridge regrets', for fear of unnerving himself. .
1 doc.

28 Jan 1879

Rev. J. B. Lightfoot to Henry Sidgwick. Accepts HS's invitation to dine with him on Monday evening at 7.30. .
1 doc.

2[6] Apr 1879

Sir Oliver Lodge to Henry Sidgwick. Tells of how much he is enjoying 'the prospect of work opening out' at the post which HS appointed him to. Foresees ' a chance of putting many of [his] long cherished schemes into a sort of practice', thanks in part to their system of 'local government'. Fears that Myers regards him as a 'back-slider', but doesn't feel like one. Has got 'university and other developments on the brain' and is 'concocting many documents', of which he promises to send copies to HS in due course. Announces that there will be a research laboratory provided, where he will work. Has 'plenty of energy', and is in need of a holiday, and reports that he has just '"bought" a house in B[irming]ham.' Explains that he does not say anything about HS's illness because nothing he can say, he believes, is of use. Sends his regards to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

31 Jul 1900

Sir John Lubbock to Henry Sidgwick. Asks for a copy of his lecture on the 'Current of Culture'. .
1 doc.

2 Nov 1897

Sir John Lubbock to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for sending him his lecture [on the 'Culture of Culture'], and declares that he will read it 'with usual interest.' .
1 doc.

9 Nov 1897

John M. Ludlow to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to several works, which he believes will be of interest to HS; [Edward] Pfeiffer's (1863) Uber[Genossenschaftswesen, Bishop Ketteler's (1864) Die Arbeterfrage u[nd] das Cristentum, Karl Marx' Misere de la Philosophie, Lassalle's pamphlets, Professor Huber's Huber on the English Universities. Mentions HS's having intimated his willingness to lay out some money 'for the furtherance of cooperative attempts' in the country, when he visited him last. Gives his opinion of the the benefits to cooperative companies of the investment of 'a couple of thousand pounds...applied here and there in judicious doses'. Advises HS 'to take shares, and discusses the disadvantages of giving loans. Lists five bodies, which he believes at the present 'to be really deserving of pecuniary support: the Rochdale M[ ] Card Manufacturing Society, the Leicester Cooperative, the Wolverhampton and Brewood Cooperative Plate Locksmiths, the[London] Framemakers and Gilders Association, and the [London] Cabinet Makers Cooperative Society; and gives some details about their recent business. Mentions other deserving societies - the Cooperative Nailmakers of [Lye], the P[ ] Boiler-makers, and the North of England Cooperative Printing Society - but does not recommended investment in them. Recommends HS 'not to spend a farthing upon any of these ventures without first seeing the men, and if possible their place.' .
1 doc.

13 Jul 1869

Sir Godfrey Lushington to Henry Sidgwick. Sends HS 'a little book' [not included], at the end of which is to be found 'the text of the present Map.' Also sends 'a rough [Mass]', which he prepared the previous year, with a view to ascertain if he could '[ ] how far the modern map shows traces of the view formerly held about the Eucharist.' States that his only materials were 'the Map itself and Palmer's O[riginal] Liturgica'. Tells HS not to trouble to read more of the [Mass] than he feels inclined to, or to write to him about it, but tells him that he can send it back with the book, at his convenience. .
1 doc.

15 Nov 1898

W. Lutoslawski to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to HS's article in the October number of Mind, which referred to their 'short interview' at Oxford. Expresses his regret that his recollection of the conversation is not reflected in the article. Clears up the question of his nationality, by stating firmly that he is 'not a Russian professor of philosophy', but 'a polish [sic] philosopher, accidentally employed as professor of philosophy at one of the universities of Russia.' Goes on to explain the difference between Russians and Poles - the latter, in his opinion, being civilised, and the former 'the most cruel Barbars, who kill their own prophets and are in eternal war with every manifestation of political or religious freedom.' Quotes from the poem Dziady by the Polish poet Mickiewicz, and claims not to recognise 'any power nor any form of being above the individual.' Declares that he does not conceive an infinite personality, and knows nothing about an almighty, omniscient, perfect being. The being he knows best is, he says, himself - then other human beings. Admits the possibility of the existence of an invisible spirit, who may be named God, who is the cause of certain of his own actions, but does not concede the fact of his being almighty. Discusses his conception of God, whom he is 'inclined to deny' being his creator; thinks that he could not have been created at all, 'because creation implies a beginning in time and time is only the ideal form of phaenomena.' Claims that 'true beings' like himself are independent of time, 'because the existence of time itself is conditioned by their existence.' Illustrates the difference between succession and time. Describes his life as being 'a succession of events...not determinated in advance', and claims that his free will is the chief factor of his acts, and that he is conscious of his faculty of choice at every point of his life. States that the answer to the question "What do you think really exists?" is one which 'divides humanity into two entirely opposite camps, and influences not only philosophical doctrines, but also political, economical, religious beliefs.' Refers to the different answers that would be given to this question by an individualist, and by a universalist. Claims that of the two, the universalist 'is the most diversified species'; that he appears as idealist in Plato or Hegel, as materialist in Democritus or Epicurus, as pantheist in Spinoza, as a pessimist in Schopenhauer, as a socialist in modern society.' Describes the universalist's views on politics, economics, religion, and psychology. Claims that due to the strength of universalism, individualism 'has frequently lost its best advocates through universalistic suggestion.' Refers to Descartes, who began with individualism, and 'ended in acknowledging concursus Dei in each act of our soul', and to Leibnitz, who 'could not get over the difficulty of interaction without harmonie preetablie.' Claims that the whole history of modern philosophy 'is full of such contradictions between the individual[']s independence and God[']s omnipotence', and notes the contradiction inherent in the belief in immortality, without believing oneself to be an uncreated, independent being. States that he has discussed his existence with different adherents of universalism: materialists, idealists, pantheists, pessimists, and has come to the conclusion that 'they might be right for themselves' and wrong as to his own existence and the existence of other individualists. Is content to let them be 'what they pretend to be', and hopes one day 'to make at last the personal acquaintance of that mysterious being, their master.' Defies their master, however, to become his master; announces that he will 'resist his power like Shelley[']s Prometheus "with a calm fixed mind"'. Claims to love mankind, truth, beauty, not because it is God[']s will, but because it is his own will, and asserts that he acts according to his ideas of duty, not imposed by any other being, but by his own consideration of the results of his action. Refers to 'a set of men', for example Nietzsche, whom he calls 'incarnated devils', and who are independent beings like himself, but 'their will has other aims.' States that he has no explanation for the mystery of interaction 'between the beings', as '[i]t is useless to explain a common experience by a very uncommon and remote hypothesis.' In relation to the 'supposed action of God on men', claims that if Descartes or Leibnitz understood how God could create or act', they could understand existence. Asserts that while they were 'parts, manifestations or servants of their God', he is his own lord, and that he can resist the action of their God if he so wishes. Refers to HS having boasted of his 'cunning ways of "gaining time"', and asks him what has he gained after all. Claims that HS has left him in uncertainty whether he really exits, or whether he is 'only a manifestation of something else'. Assures him that he has read his books, a fact doubted by HS in his article, and refers to his admiration for the Methods of Ethics. Also refers to his Report on the census of hallucinations. Claims, however, not to seek in books answers to such questions as he has posed in his letter, From books, he claims, one might 'nearly always gather contradictory conclusions'. As a dialectician, he prefers to deal with living beings, who are able to answer his questions. Again asks HS what he thinks really exists, and why he cares so much to gain time. Apologises for the intrusion on HS's time. Expresses the hope to see him again 'some happy day', when he shall be allowed to return to England. States that he will then question HS on his knowledge about true existence. Sends his compliments to Mrs Sidgwick. Asks HS if he has a copy of his article on immortality, 'published by W. T. Harris in the Journal of speculative philosophy at Washington'. Asks him to let him know if the letter reaches him, because, he claims, most of their letters 'are now opened by the police with the hope to find some information about [their] secret political associations.' .
1 doc.

19 Nov 1894

W. Lutoslawski to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS if he remembers his visit five years previously and their correspondence in relation to HS's article in Mind. Declares that since then, he has progressed in the expression of his views, having written 'a big book to prove that Plato did not always remain an appearance of something else, but that he became at last a true Being himself.' Refers to his last letter of Christmas 1894 ['asking too many indiscreet questions'], which HS left unanswered. Announces that he has written a work entitled Uber die Grundvoraussetzungen und Consequenzen der individualistischen Weltaaschaunng, in which he has developed the thoughts contained in his first letter to HS. Wishes to know HS's opinion on the work, which was recently published in Helsingfors, and sends a copy to him together with two other pamphlets - 'an account of Polish philosophy and a new theory of affinities of style, founded on a detailed investigation of Plato's style' - [not included]. Reports that after five years of research, he now wishes to return to teaching, and has been received by the University of Cracow as a 'Privatdocent', and will begin lecturing on psychology and logic in October. Expresses the hope of starting 'a true school of Polish philosophy.' Contemplates applying for the vacant Anderson lectureship of psychology in Aberdeen. Asks HS if he believes that they would 'object on general grounds to a foreigner?' Remembers 'with sincere gratitude' HS's kindness, and hopes one day to visit him again in Cambridge. Sends his regards to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

5 May 1899

W. Lutoslawski to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his letter of 16 May. Is glad to hear that he finds time to read his dissertation on Individualism, and would be very grateful to know his and Mrs Sidgwick's opinion on it. In relation to the Aberdeen lectureship, owns not to really care very much about it. Claims that his ability 'to express thoughts clearly in English has been sufficiently proved by public lectures in Glasgow University and in the Oxford Philological Society'. Also refers to the fact that he has taught psychology for three years in the University of [Karan]. Does not expect a favourable decision of the University Court, however, and has sent his application 'without testimonials of any kind'. Believes himself to be most qualified for the post. Does not consider such things as earning or a good position as essential to the fulfilment of his real aims. Reports that William James has written to him that there is some probability of his being invited to lecture on individualistic philosophy in the United States in the winter. Sends his best regards to Mrs Sidgwick. .
1 doc.

22 May 1899

Sir Alfred Lyall to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that '[t]he medallion of Sir Henry Maine has now been placed in the Abbey', and that since 'the fee required of the Abbey [ ] has unexpectedly been lowered below the amount originally mentioned', they now have a balance in hand of about �80. Asks his opinion on 'the proper disposal of this surplus money', HS having taken 'an active part in collecting subscriptions at Cambridge for the Memorial'. Mentions the putting up of a tablet or some other commemorative monument at Cambridge, 'in Trinity Hall or elsewhere', and expresses his willingness to lay HS's suggestions before Lord Cross and the Committee. Suggests that he might like to consult others 'who may be interested in the matter', but emphasises that here he is not writing under his authority. .
1 doc.

8 Jan 1890

J.J. Mackenzie to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his letter. Highly appreciates his advice, especially since HS's recommendation 'coincides exactly with what [he] had already determined on.' Claims that he would never have accepted the '"odds and ends" of work', which HS mentions, had it not been that he thought they were likely to help him on to something more permanent. Claims to have realised that there was no room for him in Cambridge, 'especially as McTaggart has taken up a line nearly identical with [his] own' and he thought it better to look for employment 'outside'. Looking for work outside Cambridge was, he maintains, against his natural inclination, and 'has so far ended in failure'. Having got over his disappointment in relation to this failure, he is now looking forward with great pleasure to 'a quiet period of more congenial work in Cambridge.' Refers to his 'fundamental defect', which, he believes, HS has characterised very well. Thanks him again for his kindness. Claims to have never expected much from him, because he disagrees with him in general opinion, and because his habits of thought and expression are rather antipathetic to HS's. .
1 doc.

27 Jul 1893

J.P. Mahaffy to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his 'able and discriminating review' of his book on Kant. Thanks him for reading it. Announces that he is off to shoot partridge, and has 'no time to write new criticisms and emendations', but 'shall not fail to take them into full account as soon as possible.' Thinks that his notes to Kuno Fischer's [ ] 'might have afforded at least a [presumption]' to HS that Mahaffy 'understood the analytic'. States that he has been prevented 'by illness, by other literary work and by salmon fishing from doing anything at it yet', but hopes to 'begin with next term'. Informs HS that he will be asking him his advice 'on some difficult points when the time comes.' Wishes that HS would explain 'how [one] can get a notion of fractions from time, and how you could teach a child arithmetic from time.' Refers to Kant and his love of symmetry. Apologises for 'this intrusion' and thanks him again. .
1 doc.

18 Sep 1872

J.P. Mahaffy to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for his 'most interesting and thoughtful book', which he has looked at. Observes that HS seems 'to discuss the great subject in a way different from that young author', of whom he knows, and feels that HS's long experience in teaching will make him 'a clear and precise expounder.' .
1 doc.

26 Dec [ ]

100

J.P. Mahaffy to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to a concept in Greek that they had been discussing, and states that 'there is a curious contrast between the [constant] mention of it as a danger, and the rarity of its actual occurrence'. Gives examples of some passages: the '[Heliactic oath in D[ ] [against] Aristocrates'; another passage [some Greek quoted], which 'specially alludes to it as a danger [about the middle of the speech]'. States that the case of [Leontini] is a practical case, 'but even here it was stopped'; 'points to the rest of argument used for it. New citizens were enrolled, and then came the demand.' Tells HS that he will inform him when he finds more. Refers to the death of the Provost of Trinity College, Dublin; 'a very leading public figure in Ireland. It is most fortunate that this govt. is not....' [Incomplete] .
1 doc.

22 Feb [ ]

101

J.P. Mahaffy to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to a passage in Megara 'about the time of [Theojius] and implied in his allusions', and to Welcker's and Bernhard's interpretation of it. Warns HS however, that Grote 'will not have it'. States that 'the [rows] in Megara were consequent upon the new departure.' Refers to 'the interesting case of [Timoleon]' Declares that 'Aristotle must be a liar' if [ ] is taken in a wide sense. Refers to 'the case of K[ ] [Grote IV. 54 599]. Tells HS to look at the case of the Gilonian citizens 'and the row they created at Syracuse [Grote V.317]'. Thinks that Aristotle w[oul]d almost certainly have created such a case as an [ ]. Refers again to 'the interesting case of [Timoleon]' Declares that 'Aristotle must be a liar' if [ ] is taken in a wide sense. Declares that Dionysius of Syracuse 'redistributed all the Syracusan lands', and that the reference to Diodorus XIV, 78 is important. .
1 doc.

n.d.

102

Sir Henry Maine to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to a conversation they had had the previous night about an opinion of his [Maine's], expressed in his Ancient Law, about '[Jus Gerrtium]'; believes he has 'found it at p. 59.' Quotes a sentence, which claims that the confusion between [Jus Gerrtium], or Law Common to all Nations, and International Law, is entirely modern. Mentions passages in Livy, to which HS had referred and continues discussion of the meaning of [Jus Gerrtium]. Refers to a statement in his book in relation to International Law, and to proceedings described in Livy I.22 and I.32. The latter, he claims, 'have some resemblance to the diplomacy of the 17th century in formality...' States that he cannot deny that 'if this later Roman law [Jus] had been under this [ ] of writing about a world like ours, they might possibly have used [Jus Gerrtium] for International law', but is somewhat uncertain of this, since he suspects that '[Jus Gerrtium], in the ear of a Roman lawyer had always a shade of special technical meaning, derived from association with the Edict of the Praetor Peregrinus, with Market law rather than with Public law.' Apologises for troubling HS. .
1 doc.

30 Nov 1884

103

Sir Henry Maine to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to having asked HS 'the other day' about the possibility of discussing a matter concerning himself [Maine], and declares that he has decided to write to him on the subject. Explains that at the funeral of the late Master of Trinity College he asked Vernon Harcourt whether he was going to lecture that term, and that Harcourt replied that 'he should very probably lecture in November; but that, if he did not, he should certainly resign.' November, he observes, is now over and Harcourt has not returned, so that he doubts 'but that he will resign at the end of the year.' He has decided to attempt to succeed Harcourt, and to abandon his seat on the Indian Council. Acknowledges that this course of action 'will involve much sacrifice of income', but he has long felt that sooner or later he must make his choice between his Cambridge and his [ ] duties. With regard to International Law, claims that he has paid a good deal of attention to it, and used to lecture on it at the Middle Temple. Refers to his work Ancient Law, and states that some propositions of his on the subject 'found their way into [his work] and have been generally accepted by modern writers.' Reports that since he returned from India, the Foreign Office offered him their Law Undersecretaryship, and that he was 'communicated with from Cambridge...when the Whewell Professorship was first filled up.' Acknowledges that some, who remember that he resigned a Cambridge professorship thirty years before, might think him too old to apply for the position. Mentions that Harcourt's deputy might also be intending to put himself forward. Claims that when he first decided to consult HS, he was not award that he was an elector, but he has made up his mind that this is not likely to affect his opinion one way or the other. Announces his intention to call on Saturday afternoon; states that he is returning to Cambridge the following evening. Acknowledges that HS may wish to speak to somebody else on the matter. Says that he has no objection to that, but asks him to try to keep what he may say 'treated as confidential'. .
1 doc.

8 Dec 1886

104

Sir Henry Maine to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for his letter. Reports that since they saw each other at Cambridge he has been reading the statutes of the International Professorship, and he believes that 'the founder of the Professorship contemplated the Professor being [ ] engaged in non-academical pursuits.' States however that his intentions regarding the India Office 'are independent of any question raised by Dr Whewell's will.' Believes that it would be 'extremely wrong' that any public servant should hold a seat on the Indian Council as well as two academic offices, viz., the Mastership of Trinity Hall and the International Professorship, and states that if he were to be appointed to the latter, he would resign from the Indian Council as soon as he could. His perception of the situation is that the electors, having surveyed the field of candidates, came to the conclusion that there was no one to be preferred to Maine, he would be invited to apply for the position. Suggests that it would be enough if he authorised HS to declare him a candidate; assures him that he is 'not for a moment suggesting that' HS vote for him. Asks him to let him know the result by telegraph when the election is over. .
1 doc.

26 Feb 1887

105

Sir Henry Maine to Henry Sidgwick. Explains that he had postponed writing to HS until he returned to the India Office in order 'to be able to review the state of official business', and that he had come to London the previous day. Refers to the fact that between his election to 'the Professorship and the present time', he had not resigned his membership of the India Council, and had 'prepared and delivered a course of lectures on International Law.' Explains that his intention was 'to prevent any inconvenience to the Secretary of State.' Announces that the India Office now require his further assistance or services, and that there is one piece of business involving the proposed reorganisation of the Public Service in India, his withdrawal from which 'might certainly embarrass the Secretary of State seriously.' Refers to the government of India, and to the 'educated Natives' of the country, who take an interest in politics, and more specifically, 'in the system by which public employment is distributed.' States that he was involved in the formation of a powerful Commission to investigate the subject, and that he has had much correspondence unofficially with some of the Commissioners 'and latterly with Lord [Dufferin].' Explains that the Commissioners are now preparing their report, which will shortly be before the India Office. Asks HS his opinion on the wisdom of he [Maine] asking HS to mention to those involved [in appointing Maine to the Professorship] that he proposed to retain his seat in Council, until the above questions are disposed of. Owns to be taken aback by the opinions which HS has reported to him. Announces that he returns to Cambridge that night, and that before leaving he wrote to the Master of Trinity, explaining to him why he had not as yet acted further on his advice. .
1 doc.

1 Dec 1889

106

F.W. Maitland to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that he has been reading HS's proof sheets 'with interest and delight', and that he has 'little to suggest.' Judged the chapter on law and morality to be particularly good. States that if he were writing the book that he would 'hedge' a little about continental notions of law. Relates that since he was talking to HS that he has been reading several German law books, and that his vew of the duties of a German judge 'is all the more hazy.' Notes that a jurist 'even when he is writing about elementary legal ideas, e.g., possession will cite 'Entscheidungen der ob[eisten] Gesichte of von Celle, Darmstadt, [Rostock]' etc. if he thinks them sound'. Refers to the notion of a '[hertige] r�mische Recht', which he contends has rendered everything so vague. Claims that according to the English idea of a good judge, 'he does justice when he sees and oportunity of doing it', and that 'a man could be a judge of quite the highest order without a strong feeling for positive morality.' Suggests that HS might add that the English highest courts of appeal, House of Lords and Judicial Committee 'hold themselves bound by their own decisions in earlier cases. As regards different laws in different parts of a country, cites the advantages gained by experience, and the positive effect Scotch experience has had on English law, and vice versa. Praises the chapter on International Law and Morality, and comments on the great difficulty there exists in obtaining a body of international rules deserving the name of law. .
1 doc.

11 Dec 1888

107

F.W. Maitland to Eleanor Sidgwick. Hopes that she will include her letter to him in her book, and that her work 'makes rapid progress.' .
1 doc.

26 Sep 1905

108/1

F.W. Maitland to Henry Sidgwick. Gladly accepts HS's invitation for Wednesday the 13th. Informs him that his dealings with Austin are 'very delightful' to him, because HS 'will deprive him of his terror.' Refers to an accompanying extract, which poses questions on the definition of legal rights [included]. Discusses a scenario where a father (having means) omits to supply a young child with food to the damage of the child's health, and asks whether the child has a right. Also refers to the Statute of Limitations in relation to creditors and debtors. Concludes by saying that he is 'trying to avoid 'right' as much as possible and to speak always of duty.' .
1 doc.

5 May [ ]

108/2

Typewritten extract on rights and remedies. Begins with a quote from C.J. Holt, and asks if the statement is either true or a truism. Three statements are given that involve rights and remedies: the first involves a wealthy father who omits to supply a young child with sufficient food, and as a consequence the child falls ill; the question is asked whether any right has been infringed; the second states that the Statute of Limitations is sometimes said not to take away the creditor's right, but merely bars his remedy; the third quotes the maxim 'There is no right without a remedy', and asks whether it has been applied in English courts. .
1 doc.

n.d.

109

Sir Louis Mallet to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to HS's work on Political Economy, and reports that, on his first perusal of it, he had somehow overlooked 'the remarkable passage on p: 527. para: 4', the subject of which has a bearing on his current study. Ventures to ask several question in relation to the ideas contained therein. Refers to HS's assumption that the State 'would [contract] industrial operations more profitably than private persons'; Mallet presumes that existing interests would be bought out for a sum of �5000 to �6000 million, and that the interest would be in the region of �150 to �180 million. The difference between the sum and the profits 'would be the income of the State.' Asks how HS prepares to deal with this sum, which would be 'not much less than the [ ] taxation both imperial and local', and which applied in relief of taxes 'could not fail to stimulate population and increase the demand for work - with no additional [supply] to meet it.' Queries HS's supposition that the profits would be much greater, and asks how he would divide the sum among the members of the community. Suggests that the production cost involved would inevitably lead to 'a gradual absorption of all net profits in gross.' Asserts that there would be a class 'with an income of 150 or 180 millions living without work', which would, by saving and investing its money in the United States and Australia, 'might still escape the doom which [HS] propose[s] for them [sic]'. This money, Mallet predicts, 'would be gradually supplemented by the savings of the salaried officials, who would also invest them abroad', and there would again be a rich class in being. Asks whether, if an international agreement and the internationalisation of the land and instruments of production all over the world are contemplated, there is any way by which the net product could be decided. Refers also to 'literary men and artists' and 'Bankers and Merchants'. Confesses to being 'hopelessly bewildered', and wonders if he has totally misunderstood HS's meaning in the matter. .
1 doc.

16 Sep 1886

110

Sir Louis Mallet to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his letter and for his explanation of his Utopia. Regrets that his 'difficulties' have not been removed by HS, but claims that the subject is 'far too wide to be discussed within the limits of any correspondence', and suggests that he may trouble HS 'at some future time with a question or two' when he has given due consideration to the passages to which HS referred him. Claims to be 'wholly unable to understand what [motives] in [HS's] ideal community would supply the place of those on which [are now defined] for the Conduct of industrial enterprise.' Refers to Commodre [Vanderbilt], who was responsible for supplying bread to 1000 people in New York 'for the very small remuneration of $200.000.000.' Doubts whether [any] government 'could get its work done so cheap.' Asks how the capital of the world is to keep pace with the population if neither the government nor anyone else is allowed to make any profit. Refers to the fact that private enterprise would have to be prohibited, and that a 'gigantic monopoly' would be in place, which would probably be corrupt and inefficient. Believes that this [line] of progress is 'extremely dangerous' and that 'those who encourage the poorer classes to look for salvation in this direction incure an enormous responsibility'. Understands however that, according to the current German and English economists, the trend is heading in HS's direction. Cannot agree that 'the [ ] countries of Europe loaded with debt and standing armies and with a constant pressure of pop[ulatio]n on the soil, are at the same stage of industrial and social development as the U[nited] States, Canada and Australia. Refers to the principles of free exchange. .
1 doc.

16 Sep 1886

111

Sir Louis Mallet to Henry Sidgwick. Believes that their points of view are so different that he doubts whether anything he could say would have any effect. Expresses his view by quoting Sir Henry Maine's Popular Government, beginning with a statement with regard to the two systems in existence by which material '"of human subsistence and comfort"' are produced. One is economic and industrial competition, and the other '"consists in the daily task...enforced by the prison and the scourge."' Maine maintained that one system had to be adopted in order that society not '"pass through penury to starvation."' States that his remarks mainly apply to HS's two chapters on Distributive Justice and Economic Distribution. In relation to Distributive Justice, he 'cannot conceive any possible system which can promote it to an equal degree with that of "the free exchange of services" - with all its inevitable shortcomings.' Believes it to be unlikely that anyone would propose that Governments should be burdened with the task of dispensing distributive justice, on top of their other duties. Refers to an argument on page 514 of HS's work, in relation to the question of interest on capital. Refers also to the second chapter [Economic Distribution], on which, he claims, discussion is easier, because all questions of assumed rights and justice are discarded. Claims to found his view 'solely on grounds of expediecy - i.e., the promotion of the well-being of society as a whole.' Disputes HS's statement that under the current system of partial economic competition, there is a growing inequality in the incomes of men. Refers to statistics compiled by [ ] and Atkinson, which demonstrate that in Great Britain and the United States 'there is constant progress towards greater equality.' This fact Mallet believes to be neither important nor desirable. Proceeds to discuss the 'main question' treated in that chapter. Remarks on the absence of the 'international point of view, which was the central consideration of the Free Trade School' in the speculations of the 'present generation of economists.' Refers to the question of the nationalisation of the land, which, he claims, from a free trade point of view, 'cannot even be discussed'. Refers to the opinions of Mill and Maine on this question. On HS's speculation about capital, he remarks that if there were no field for private capital at home, [ ] would send it abroad.' Questions the likelihood of the success of 'any possible experiment in the direction of State conducted industiral and commercial enterprise'. Doubts that any government in a free country could devise any system of reward and penalties which would enable it to work. States that based on his experience of [Government Departments] he believes that nine out of ten men work in such a way that they do not contibute their fair share to society, and doubts whether the majority even do a day's full work.' Does not believe in government superintendence, nor in the efficiency of the Post Office or the Telegraph services. Thinks that if the latter two should be '[formed] on the principle of Competition for the field', the population would be 'better and cheaper served.' In his opinion there is no system except that of free exchange 'by which the equilibrium of supply and demand can be preserved without [ ].' Returns to the theme of the absence of the international view in the thinking of the current generation of economists 'beginning with Mill.' Refers to HS's remarks on this subject, which were contained in his paper that was discussed at the Political Econ[omy] Club a few days previously. Claims that the inevitable result of state subsidies would be national isolation. States that if the principle of free trade between nations is adopted, the disadvantages of such a move must also be accepted. .
1 doc.

14 Jul 1887

112

Sir Louis Mallet to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for sending him a copy of the new edition of his work, which he predicts will be of much value to him. Declares that he is at present engaged in work on the [ ] [ ] Commission. Reports that he has just been looking at HS's comments on Bimetallism, with which he agrees, but disagrees with HS's contention that a tabular standard 'would supercede the [ ] for bimetallism.' Claims to see no mode, except that of bimetallism, of which there can be a common standard of value throughout the world, and states that 'a metallic basis of a stable [ ] is essential to the tabular system.' Congratulates HS on the completion of his work. .
1 doc.

5 Oct 1887

113

[ ] Marindin to Henry Sidgwick. Marindin says that he will get HS's paper [ ] as soon as possible. M. reports that he won't begin his book till next week and is [ ] [ ] how much copy is in type for the next number. If HS's article does not appear in time it will be held over to the next number. M. comments on HS's view of the trail as opposed to Leap's view. .
1 doc.

11 Dec 189[3]

114

Alfred Marshall to HS. M. writes that he had noticed how tired and ill HS was looking when he saw him a dew days ago. Mentions a note from Maitland. Expresses his admiration and affection for HS which began during M's early days at Cambridge. .
1 doc.

30 May 1900

115

Alfred Marshall to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his and Mary's joy at 'each successive piece of good news' about HS. About to depart for the Tyrol the following day. Thanks him for his 'most kind and generous letter.' .
1 doc.

6 June 1900

116

James Martineau to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to his disappointment at 'the two answers from Oxford.' Thinks it would be better to postpone an application to Professor Seeley 'till another attempt has been made at Oxford, through Mr Green.' Informs HS that the emblem and the motto [for the Free Christian Union?] have been changed in conformity with his suggestions, and with regard to the pamphlet, Martineau asks him if to give him advice for its improvement. Mentions that he has 'already profited by some friendly criticisms'. Admits that he has not read the proof yet, and predicts that he shall probably find plenty of faults. .
1 doc.

2 Feb 1869

117

James Martineau to Henry Sidgwick. Claims to be grateful for HS's criticisms, and goes on to discuss his reaction to them. Refers to the 'sentence or two on Atkinson', to which HS had referred. Contends that 'modern science, correlation of forces and Darwinian theory included, has not in the smallest degree altered the logical weights in the Theistic problem.' Comments that Laplace's remark itself 'shows that it was as easy to him as it is to Darwin to dispense with the idea of a Personal God.' Discusses the relationship between the 'field of Law' and Theism. Claims that 'the scientific idolatory of unknown "Forces" is just as seductive and as atheistic in the age of Epicurus' as it is in the present day, and asserts that 'the problem is Metaphysical, not Physical, and is unaffected by the advance of Physical Science.' Concludes this point by claiming that a change in the text on this issue to suit HS's feelings on the subject would be untrue to him [Martineau]. On HS's advice he has 'struck out the reference to [Miss] Proct[er], but 'cannot let F. Newman go.' Refers to the 'great circulation of Newman's books (The Soul and he Phases)', which seems to give sufficient support to his impression, but admits that his reputation as an '"unbeliever" closes against him an immense circle of readers acceptable to his brother's books.' Claims to agree with HS's criticism '(up to the last line)' of his sentiments 'in pp 20, 21', but cannot see how that criticism applies. Clarifies that he did not intend to imply that 'without Piety, Charity is impossible', and discusses the relation between these two 'affections'. Stresses that 'it is only to the corporate use of dogma' that he objects, and admits that, for the individual who can think out his beliefs into clear statement, 'the process may be very important.' Claims he has tried to add a little emphasis to the reasons on which HS dwells for using the word "Christian", but believes that all of them are present in the text. .
1 doc.

6 Feb 1869

118

James Martineau to Henry Sidgwick. Writes with information regarding the usages of Nonconformist Churches. Refers to Independents, Baptists, Methodists, Unitarians, and the Scottish Churches, with regard to belief systems and hierarchical make-up. Suggests that a 'fellow Committee man', 'Mr [Miall], or '[Mrs] Leigh Manse, could provide HS with more information on the subject. .
1 doc.

20 Dec 1869

119

James Martineau to Henry Sidgwick. Mentions a Methodist Minister - Mr Hughes - who 'has recently become a member' of their Union. Has asked [Mr] Enfield to provide HS with Hughes' address. Thinks Sedley Taylor's pamphlet is 'excellent for the class of readers whom he chiefly desires to influence', and while it is 'a little formal and limited in the construction of its argument', is 'entirely free from any narrowness of principle which can raise a scruple on [their] part.' Expresses his apologies for being unable to attend the Committee meeting the following day, on account of 'being called out of town for two or three days.' Reports that he has written his opinion to [Mr] Enfield. .
1 doc.

27 Dec 1869

120

James Martineau to Henry Sidgwick. Reports having 'read and re-read' HS's essay on casuistry, which, he believes, will give 'true direction to many perplexed consciences among the clergy, and valuable suggestions of reform to laymen who are earnest in ecclesiastical affairs.' Is certain that their Committee will adopt it. While acknowledging that HS has successfully proved 'the incompatibility of a fixed liturgy with an unrelaxed clerical sincerity', Martineau doubts 'whether the former is worth retaining at the cost of the latter', and owns to be shaken in his nationalism by HS's paper. Refers to the free prayer of Scotland and the Continental Protestant Churches, which 'affords no protection to the congregation against the idiosyncracies of the minister.' Stresses the importance of ministerial sincerity, and claims it to be more important even than doctrinal protection. Refers to the suppression of clerical pre-thought, which arises in part 'from fear of ecclesiastical consequences'. Believes that if HS's rule of 'frank confession of divergence were acted on, the gain to the conscience of the teacher would be countervailed...by inevitable forfeiture of religious power.' Claims that the sacrifice incurred for the sake of Nationalism 'would drive all the popular fervour and much of the spiritual purity of the country into voluntary organisations, which, at least for a time, would give them freer scope and firmer trust.' States the published casuistry must be 'the ruin of any Church.' Refers to the theological struggles of the clergyman. Questions HS's view on 'the deviations of individual opinion from the prescribed standards of worship'. Puts forward a scenario involving a 'simple groundwork of Christian Theism', but fears that 'it is too late for such a revolution. Sends back the MS [not included]. .
1 doc.

18 Mar 1870

121

James Martineau to Henry Sidgwick. Admits to 'a certain dread of M.S.S.' Thanks HS 'for the opportunity of early reflection' on his strictures. Places great hope in HS's volume, and confesses to be glad not to have published his own lectures, before the latter gives him 'the chance of repentance and silence.' Hopes that he will not be inconvenienced by his keeping the M.S. a few days. Reports that he has to open their small college on Tuesday, and that he is expected to give the address. Expects not to be able to read anything until after Wednesday. .
1 doc.

3 Oct 1874

122

James Martineau to Henry Sidgwick. Sends back 'both Proof and M.S.' [not included], which he read with interest. Acknowledges 'the difficulties attaching to the doctrine' criticised by HS, but does not believe them to be insuperable, 'or so considerable as the difficulties which the doctrine removes.' Admits that his lack of any adequate conception of HS's point of view, and also from the 'imperfect way' in which he has presented his own doctrine 'in the Whewell paper', he finds it impossible to present his case 'with any effect.' Suggests that the fundamental difference between their opinions is that while HS regards judgment of the actions of others as the primary moral fact, he [Martineau] finds it in judgment upon his own actions. States that he has never regarded the valuation of "Motives" as a method for determining the actions proper to pursue. Admits that the '"Moral Sentiments"' have their place 'among the scale of possible impulses', but claims that, if present, 'they cannot decide between the claims of the two competing impulses whose presence constitutes the problem, but can only add themselves on, as an intensification, to the [felt] authority of the higher.' .
1 doc.

10 Oct 1874

123

F.D. Maurice to HS. Illegible for the most part. Reports that he called on the Vice Chancellor, who told him that he considered the fifteen lectures 'an essential [ ] of [ ]'. Will be engaged [with lectures and examinations] until 30 April Refers to Cambridge. States that he prefers to give two lectures a week the following term, so that by the end of it 'the [numbers] for a [ ] will be more than sufficient.' States his intention of consulting with HS in the future. .
1 doc.

22 Apr [ ]

124

F.D. Maurice to HS. Illegible .
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18 Oct [ ]

125

J.B. Mayor to HS. Refers to a paper 'in which John Grote criticised his brother's view of the Republic of Plato in a sort of imaginary conversation', and the the second part thereof, which 'alludes to some intermediate paper written in the name of Glaucon'. Guesses that it was HS who had been the author of the latter, and asks him to allow him to have the paper and print it in the Classical Review with Grote's two papers. Claims that he would have printed them before, but was afraid that Mrs George Grote would probably not have approved. Refers to the rumour that HS might be invited to 'fix' himself there, and expresses his happiness about the matter. .
1 doc.

2 Feb 1889

126

Friedrich Max Müller to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to a passage in Kant's Critik, where, he claims, by employing the actual, he might have avoided the repetition of real. Unsure as to whether HS had referred to 'the two categories of Realit�t and [Dasein]', and asks him to let him know where he thinks the alteration should be made. Refers to the fact that he had 'made it a rule not to improve on Kant, but to give his text as it stands, if only it construes and can be made readable in English.' Sends HS a paper of Noire's [not included], and asks him to look at it. .
1 doc.

28 May 1882

127

Friedrich Max Müller to Henry Sidgwick. States that he 'ought to have used actual for wirklich, keeping real for real.' Explains that he could not think of another word at the time except existing. Claims that HS's remark is 'the first useful hint' he has received, and that he would be grateful 'for any other Corrigenda' that may occur to him. .
1 doc.

30 May 1882

128

John Maynes to Henry Sidgwick. Writes in order to draw HS's attention to 'a rock onto which the cause of "Individualism" is being forced', i.e., 'the misapprehension under which the policy of laissez-faire exists.' Discusses the latter concept as it was perceived thirty years previously, and how it is viewed by current 'prominent Individualists', and how 'it is taken only as the exponent of the principles of bodies like the "Liberty and Property Defence League". Refers to an enclosed article taken from a recent '"Star"', in which the concept of laissez-faire is held to mean that society as it exists should be accepted, with all its abuses and inequalities, and that no attempts at remedy should be made. The same issue contained a report of a paper of HS's on state action and individualism, which was read at Bath. Maintains that the people are now 'seeking a way out of the social disorder, and are willing to be taught' by men such as HS. Insists that the rights associated with Individualism must be accompanied by the duty not to injure others in the exercise of such rights. Declares that the time isnow right 'when a plain, unfaltering, and unqualified declaration of true principles...will gain attention, and acceptance when made by a man of repute.' Appeals to HS 'to help rescue laissez-faire and individualism from the drenching shower of misrepresentation', so that their true principles 'may emerge to the front.' .
1 doc.

11 Sep 1888

129

Edward Meads to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to an enclosed notice for a Special Meeting the following Wednesday evening [not included], and attempts to explain 'the course that has been taken in this matter by certain...members [of the London Co-operative Cabinet Manufacturing Society]. States that during the last half year, the loss on trading was quite heavy in comparison to their capital. As a consequence some members 'have endeavoured to convince other members, that [the Society has] tried enough and...failed.' Believes that, in business, 'a stroke of ill-luck must be borne with', and that the proper course is 'to work hard and try to do better'. Contends that the reluctance to do so is 'a characteristic of London Workmen'. Asks HS to 'send a few words of encouragement to wavering members', in order to convince them to forego their opposition. Hopes to hear from HS before the following Wednesday. .
1 doc.

20 Sep 1871

130

William Miall to Henry Sidgwick. Apologises for the delay in writing, to which he attributes his 'desire to obtain some manual' that would contain the information sought by HS. Reports that his enquiries have been fruitless, however. Sends Dr Angus's '"[ ] Churches"' and the '"[Declaratine]" he issued by the Congregational Union' [neither included]. Refers also to Dr Halley's '"Congregational Lectures" on "The Sacraments"' and mentions that chapter nine in Volume II is on '"[Communicants] at the Lord's Supper"'. Offers to send the volume to HS. Does not believe that among all the Independent and Baptist Churches in [England], their 'case occurs in a year in which a church excludes or withdraws from a member on account of change of sentiment.' Remarks that such changes of sentiment are generally tolerated, 'in some cases from motives of Charity, in others from attachment to the person of the "heretic" and indisposition to sacrifice his support', and when a person leaves the church it is usually voluntarily. Suggests that there are some 'Churches of [ ] Calvinistic [ ]' whose practice would be different. .
1 doc.

31 Dec 1869

131

William Miall to Henry Sidgwick. Writes regarding 'the conduct of Dissidents in [ Nonconformist] Churches and of the Churches with regard to them.' Refers to the claim of 'M. [Benigeuer]' in relation to hereditary membership of churches, and, still concerning this issue, to the rule in the Society of Friends, to the '"Multitudinist principle"' and to '"Individualism"'. Holds that the Individualism of the [Nonconformist] Churches 'consists rather in a demand for individual "conversion" than for an individual confession of1806 faith.' Describes the ordeal to which candidates for fellowship were subjected to in the past, involving examination and public interrogation. Claims that the process 'has been much modified and softened' during the previous twenty or thirty years, and that all that is now required is 'an interview with the Minister whose enquiries will of course take shape in accordance with his own opinions and convictions.' Tells HS not to trouble to reply to his letter, and offers to furnish him with more information, should it be required. .
1 doc.

3 Jan 1870

132

John Stuart Mill to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to the questions 'mooted' by HS in his letter of [20] July, and declares them to be 'very important and extremely difficult if not impossible to decide by a general rule'. Agrees that 'it is absurd to refer each man to his individual conscience since the very question is, what his conscience ought to prescribe.' Is unsure as to when they might discuss the issue at length, but undertakes to read the statement to which HS referred, in order to give some opinion on it. .
1 doc.

3 Aug 1867

133

John Stuart Mill to Henry Sidgwick. Explains that his long absence from England meant that he did not receive HS's paper on Tests until long after it was sent. Declares its contents to be 'an exceedingly fair and clear statement of many of the considerations which really exist in the minds of conscientious men and influence their personal behavious in the matter'. Agrees with his contention that there should be 'a set of principles...respecting the bindingness of the obligation of a test'...but believes that 'the question requires to be taken up at an earlier stage, and dealt with as part of the much larger question. Puts forward some questions in relation to the obligation of veracity, and claims that such questions have never been properly addressed because it has never been generally admitted 'that the effect which actions tend to produce on human happiness is what constitutes them right or wrong.' Claims that he [Mill] could not contribute any useful remarks to the discussion, and suggests that it cannot be carried much further than HS has done. .
1 doc.

26 Nov 1867

134

[Harriet] S. Miller to Henry Sidgwick. Declares that she has only kept a few of Mrs [Ranke's] letters. Refers to the latter's meeting of, and her marriage to, her husband, and of how she looked down on 'her fellow Hausfrau', who she claimed did not appreciate 'K[eble's] Christian G[ ].' Reports that the latter was not at that time universally appreciated in England, and that it was called by Professor [Blanc] 'The Sunday Puzzle'. With reference to middle class German women, refers to an enclosed letter [not included] 'from the daughter of a distinguished [ ]', which illustrates her meaning. Refers to some of Margaret Klopstock's letters, which she was looking over the evening before, and observes that they are exactly how Mrs [Ranke] would have written them. Mentions that she once visited 'his' grave, on which the epitaph described him as 'Germany's greatest poets'. This description she declares to be 'a [big] fib'. Sends her regards to Mrs Sidgwick. Expresses her confusion regarding how to address HS, i.e., with 'Professor' or with 'Dr.' .
1 doc.

n.d.

135

Harriet Miller to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his book, which arrived a few days previously. Refers to HS's paper on "Clerical Veracity", which she found 'enthralling'. Observes that he writes very cautiously, but concedes that 'the times are not ripe for plain speaking.' Declares she must 'wait till "[ ] the Veil"', but wishes 'something definite could be settled for [their] children.' Quotes Dr Johnson's Hermit. Is unclear as to whether HS intended to buy [ ] M[ ]'s autobiography, and offers him her copy. States that he strikes her as '"Cocky"'. .
1 doc.

16 Jan [ ]

136

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his book, which, he remarks, 'looks very attractive in print'. Reports that he has begun to read it 'in the careful manner it deserves.' Hopes that Helen Taylor will write on it for the Fortnightly; he has sent a copy of it to her at Avignon. Is unsure how she will react to his [Morley's] 'strong dissents from [John Stuart] Mill's theism [ ].' Expresses a desire to speak to HS about Mill's book. .
1 doc.

23 Dec 1874

137

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Reminds HS that he has not yet fulfilled his promise of three years previously to write something for the Review. Asks him if he has not yet had enough of his 'favourite investigation of truth'. Asks him to send something between then and midsummer. .
1 doc.

21 Nov 1876

138/1

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Assures HS that he was right not to hurry to answer his letter. Declares that he would like to have the article proposed by HS, either for May, June, or any month that suits him, and tells him that he is welcome to write two articles of eighteen to twenty pages each, if he so wishes, as this would be preferable to one article of thirty pages. Regrets that he will not be in Cambridge this year. Refers to an enclosed letter from an employee of J.C. Newsom [included], of which he says 'I'm afraid religious doubts have less to do with it, than want of sense.' Reports that he heard HS's 'first [ ] being exhausted', and remarks that 'at the critical moment when your too sensitive conscience made you afraid of "taking in" Macmillan'. .
1 doc.

3 Feb 1877

138/2

[Twenty-two year old female employee of J.C. Newsom], to Rt. Hon. John Morley. Explains that she is about to leave her present position as governess to the children of J.C. Newsom 'on account of religious difficulties'. Would be grateful to Morley if he could inform her of a position 'where no religious teaching would be required' of her. Refers to her doubts regarding popular theology, and claims that her reading of his "Compromise" confirmed her in these doubts. Informs him that he is twenty-two years of age, and that she receives a salary of �25. Gives the address of her employer, who she says would be glad to answer any questions respecting her. .
1 doc.

1 Feb 1877

139

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his delight with the proof of HS's article, which he has just been reading. Claims that it gives him a better idea than ever of Bantham's personality. Praises the 'serious criticisms', and the 'pages [on] the Deontology'. Remarks on the fact that in the ten years he has been editor of the Fortnightly [Review], HS had never before contributed any work to it. Comments that he believes that '[Helvitius] only picked up an idea that was in the air, when he made the legislator the origin of [ ], and their master.' Mentions Rousseau and his Social Contract, which came out [four] years after De l'Esprit, and refers to the [Physiocrats]. Refers also to Swift's account of 'L'Esprit'. Asks HS to return his proof as soon as he can, as the preparations for the publication 'are rather late already.' .
1 doc.

17 Apr 1877

140

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to an enclosed cheque [not included], which he sends with gratitude. Informs him that his 'Socrates or anything else' will be welcome. Refers to the 'rage and fury in the Whig tea-cup at Gladstone's resolutions'. Mentions that he breakfasted with the latter that morning, 'and found him wholly absorbed in an eager controversy with a learned [not odious] Jew pundit as to the [comparative] sense of colour-differences in ancient times. .
1 doc.

3 May 1877

141

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Asks HS why he did not come to Brighton 'instead of fleeing to Broadstairs'. Expresses his eagerness to receive Balfour's writings. Mentions that he is going to print a paper of the latter's on the new conditions of the Indian Civil service, in his next numbers [of the Fortnightly Review].. Complains that being a writer for the Encyclopaedia Britannica is a thankless job; 'One must try to be thorough and yet there is no room.' Predicts that HS 'will be amused by a short [ ] of Pattison's...against Bridges' in his next number. .
1 doc.

7 Jul 1877

142

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Assures HS that he would gladly look at anything he sent, but warns him of the unlikelihood of a paper on Self-Deception by an unknown hand being printed. States that if HS were to write such a paper, it would probably be printed. Jokingly puts forward the suggestion that 'every writer sh[oul]d play Herod and massacre every literary aspirant for twenty years to come.' This, he claims, 'would give people time to digest the Methods of Ethics and other fine books'. Tells him to send his 'young man's MS.', and also something of his own.' .
1 doc.

7 Nov 1877

143

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses the opinion that HS's papers 'will be extremely welcome' to the next Fortnightly Review. Observes that the [ ] of Political Economy 'is just at that point where such calm and penetrating criticisms as [HS's] is urgently needed.' Explains that he had asked [Icarus] 'to come into the field, but he is busy'. Asks when the papers will be ready for the press. Asks HS to let him know, and tells him that he will send him the printer's address. .
1 doc.

29 Oct 1878

144

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Assures HS of his willingness to print his papers in the Fortnightly Review. Believes that 'there is now a public for these economic discussions'. Asks HS to send the papers to him, and enquires how many there are, and at what intervals shall he receive them. With regard to the contents of the journal, announces that 'Cliffe Leslie is to demolish Lowe and continue [ ]'s attack' [of] the January issue in February. Asks HS if he would like his papers to begin in January, and if he wishes them to appear consecutively. Remarks on the brevity of the paper sent to him. Apologises for not having replied to his not more promptly. Asks if he would like to begin in the December number. .
1 doc.

8 Nov 1878

145

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Explains that he has promised to insert 'a sort of reply to Lowe by [Cliffe] Leslie' in the Fortnightly Review, and that it should appear in the January number. Hopes that HS will not object to the delay. Declares that he likes HS's programme, and hopes that 'it will do good.' Political economy, he says however, is in a bad way. Announces that he is writing the letter 'under the venerable shade of One [Ash.] Rochdale. With envelope. (2 docs).
1 doc.

22 Nov 1878

146

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. In relation to the length of HS's papers to be submitted for publication in the Fortnightly Review, Morley advises between fifteen and twenty pages. Tells him to send his MS. to Virtue and Co., London. States his intention of directing his energies the following Spring to bringing HS into the [Athenaeum] Club. Assumes that P[ ] will again propose him. Promises to send him a list of the Committee 'when the time comes'. Expresses regret that Lord Acton has retired, as he voted for HS the previous year. Claims to be in bad spirits, on account of his fortieth birthday. Claims that he has not yet made his choice 'among the reasons for right and wrong with which [HS] bewildered' him some years previously. .
1 doc.

26 Dec 1878

147

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Declares that he had hoped to be first to come to the M[etaphysical?] the previous night, where he and HS 'might have snatched a moment...to settle the point raised in [HS's] note' of nine days previously. Failing an interview, has decided to write regarding the matter. States that he has read HS's [ ] 'pretty carefully', and thinks that the general public, in consideration of his 'effective and interesting treatment of the questions between Leslie and Lowe, will allow themselves to be tempted into the severer matter of the definitions.' Believes his piece to be suited to the readers of the Fortnightly Review, and will give to students of economics a subject to reflect upon. Suggests that the short paper 'What is Money?' should be published as the 'next instalment'. Refers to the fact that Leslie might wish to reply to HS's paper. Reports that he has spoken to the [Rector] about the [Athenaeum] Club, and is awaiting his reply. States that he admires 'the Virgil' much, and observes that 'Myers seems...to have true literary faculty, as [Symonds] has, or Church', and asks why he does not produce more. With envelope. (2 docs) .
1 doc.

15 Jan 1874

148/1

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to the enclosed 'modest cheque' [included], which is 'to be expended in egoistic or other form of Hedonism.' Reports that Leslie 'is to rejoin in the merry month of May.' With envelope. (2 docs).
1 doc.

4 Feb 1879

148/2

Cheque for eighteen pounds, to be paid to HS, signed by Chapman Hall.
1 doc.

3 Feb 1879

150

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses regret that he cannot insert a short article of three or four pages into the Fortnightly Review. Refers to HS's claim that he 'can easily make it 13 or 14 pp. instead'. Asks him why he will not, for a change, give him a literary or social article. Mentions that there is a book coming out 'on "England" - in all its aspects', and asks if that would serve him for a text. .
1 doc.

22 Oct 1879

149

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Had hoped to accept HS's invitation for the following Sunday, but reports that he cannot come. Believes that HS's paper 'will be welcome.' Warns him that he had taken out some references to HS's address in Leslie's article, and therefore that HS should 'steer clear of too direct a controversy with a man [Leslie] who is as touchy as a medieval grammarian.' Mentions the fact that HS will soon be 'in town'. [Incomplete] .
1 doc.

1 Jun 1879

151

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Refers to a paper from America, which concerns HS, and which he sends 'in a separate cover.' States that he shall not print it, but thought that HS would like to see it. Asks him to send it back to him at his leisure. .
1 doc.

25 Nov 1879

152

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that he has written to HS's brother, and expresses the hope that he 'may be able to meet his wishes.' Claims to be ashamed of himself for not writing to HS as he promised to do, 'about Baudeau, Letr[ .], [ ].' Explains that his failure to do so 'was due to absolute incapacity.' Claims that '["Cobden?"]...is a narrative and a biography...and not a treatise.' Expresses the wish that HS would write an article on George Eliot for the Fortnightly Review. .
1 doc.

29 Oct 188[6]

153

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Informs HS that his friend Chamberlain 'is thinking of sending his son to Trinity, and asks HS about the procedure involved. Asks if there has been 'any new light lately on the twin sovereign mysteries of Being and Value'. Regrest that he is too busy to spend a Sunday afternoon with HS. Hopes that he likes Myer's book, which seems to him 'extremely good in every way.' .
1 doc.

24 Oct 1880

154

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks him for his letter, which is very informative. Thanks him also for his invitation to Cambridge. .
1 doc.

2 Nov 1880

155

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that he has directed that 'the book' be sent to HS. Claims that 'Satan...employs the best men to do his work', and begs HS to be careful not to commit the Liberal party 'thro one of its organs to the doctrine of [dark] s�ances.' .
1 doc.

n.d.

156

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Claims to acquiesce 'with sorrow, but resignation.' In relation to 'the book', states that it is of no consequence. Finds that HS's '"spirit of serious inquiry"' would stand in the way of a review. Asks when he will be at the Athenaeum Club. .
1 doc.

16 Mar 1882

157

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Claims to be 'rather struck by the notion of asking Symonds to undertake W.S.', and intends to talk it over with his [ ] one day that week. Thanks HS for putting so good an idea into his head. Regrets that it seems that 'the chances of a free Sunday are faint.' .
1 doc.

3 Mar 1884

158

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that having just appointed a chairwoman at Dublin Castle, he now has to 'make a Professor of Greek at Cork.' Asks him what the Cambridge honours in the enclosed list [not included] amount to. Declares that '[a]t the same time you don't need a Porson for an Irish Queen's College.' States that there are 'one or two excellent men standing', but that he would like to appoint a Royal University man 'if decency should not happen to forbid.' .
1 doc.

6 Dec 1894

159

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for taking the trouble to write to him about his 'little piece on Niccolo.' Supposes that it has more mistakes than the one HS pointed out. Agrees that the popes 'systematically broke the promises they made to the cardinals before election, as it is true that their treaties sat quite as loosely on them as on other people.' Reports that he is writing a '[scrap] on Guicciardini's Ricardo.' States that his history is not half so dull as he expected. Expresses the hope that HS doesn't have hay-fever now. .
1 doc.

15 Aug 1897

160

Rt. Hon. John Morley to Henry Sidgwick. Declares that he confident that any book HS cares to produce "'ought to exist'", and thanks him for giving it to him. Explains that he had already bought it, but intends to hand the copy on 'to some worthy recipient'. Hopes to return to Public Morality one day, and intends to borrow elucidation from HS's 'interesting cases.' Remarks that 'Reason of State does not smell very sweet in France just now'. .
1 doc.

25 Feb 1898

161

H.C.G. Moule, to Henry Sidgwick. Writes in relation to the death of Archbishop Benson. Asks HS to convey his sympathy to Mrs Benson. Relates how, a few months previously, he was introduced to her in London, and they had a conversation 'on a French religious book which had struck her.' Claims to have been very grateful for her kindness, and is anxious that his sympathies be passed on to her in her time of grief. Fears that it would be unkind to write to her and believes that from HS 'a word would convey this little message without the fear that the word would be a burthen.' .
1 doc.

14 Oct 1896

162

H.A.J. Munro to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that 'Sedgwick says he will most certainly be at the meeting on Monday week; and, if he is wanted, will second any motion.' Observes that he [Sedgwick] 'appears to take great interest in the matter, as it recalls old times and associations.' .
1 doc.

n.d.

163

A.T. Myers to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that he has 'just talked the Brighton arrangements over with Smith and he is inclined to guarantee that Mrs Smith will not be inconvenienced by [being] there and will not break off a year's residence there.' Smith believes that 'they can live cheaply there without any servant beyond an occasional help [when visitors come] who will not cost nearly as much as the 40� a year in Podmore's estimate', and is anxious to have the season ticket because he will often want to be with Podmore 'and wants to do as much as he can to work up hypnotic subjects in London as well as Brighton.' Smith agrees that it is impossible to conceal 'the haunted house gossip' from his wife. Explains that he has told Smith to call at 4 Carlton Gardens the following day. Has told him to make an estimate of his probable expenses for the next year if he did not go to Brighton. Explains Smith's intended living arrangements. States that he will turn up the following morning at 11am if he hears nothing from HS. Has not asked Podmore to come, as he believes 'it may be settled without him.' .
1 doc.

n.d.

164

F.W.H. Myers to Henry Sidgwick. Copy of letter. Thanks HS for 'the very great pleasure' which HS's article on [A.H.] Clough has given him. Describes how he had read it in the W[estminster] R[eview], and had written to Symonds to ask whose it was. Declares it to be 'as good a critical essay' as he had ever read, and 'worthy to take a permanent place in English literature.' Hopes to read similar articles in the future. Warns him of the danger of being led 'to admire what is not admirable' and to add his 'more potent voice to the general chorus of the praises of twaddle and folly.' Refers to HS's article on Courthope's book, and illustrates the meaning of his warning with an analogy involving Myer's and HS walking in the street and the former dragging the latter along 'after some dressed-out shop-keeper's daughter with a certain prettiness', who he tries to get to walk along with them. .
1 doc.

17 Oct 1869

165/1

Rikizo Nakashima to Henry Sidgwick. Thanks HS for giving his permission for Nakashima's pupils to translate his book The Methods of Ethics into Japanese, and also for sending him his photograph, which came to him through Professor Maxwell. Reports that the translation was completed the previous year, that the book has just been published, is now on sale, and that a sample copy has been sent to HS. Hopes that its publication 'will greatly help the critical study of Ethics...in Japan as it has done in many other countries.' Refers with fondness to his visit to Cambridge, and especially the assistance he received from Mrs Sidgwick. Asks HS to give her his 'sincerest thanks' for her kindness. .
1 doc.

8 Feb 1899

165/2

'Memorandum by Prof: Nakashima' [not in the latter's hand]. States that translations of European books on philosophy, including those by Spencer, Mill, Bentham and Bain, has been carried out for more than ten years by graduates of Tokyo University and other scholars. A two-volume translation of HS's Methods of Ethics has recently been published. The difficulty of such translation is referred to, in relation to the unsuitability of the Japanese language to Western modes of thought, or to the expression of those thoughts with the requisite subtlety and precision. Gives the background to the translation project; In the summer of 1896 Professor Nakashima, who holds the Chair of Philosophy in the Imperial University of Tokyo, proposed to ten of his best students, that they should undertake the translation of HS's Methods of Ethics. The first attempt was not success, but the project was returned to the following year, and a revised translation was produced. Reports that the translation - which is based on the the latest edition of the English - will be published 'by the best firm of educational publishers in Tokyo. A brief biography is given of Professor Nakashima; he graduated at the Western Reserve University, and received his Ph,D. at Yale University, and has written many books on philosophy in Japanese. His last work was a guide to the chief ethical works, published in 1897. At present he is revising for press 'his greatest work', a History of Philosophy. Most of the ten students who worked on the translation of HS's book will go on to become teachers 'in Normal and other [Japanese] public schools'. Reports that in Japan, there is no strictly religious instruction in any government schools, and they tend to rely much on Western modern thought for instruction in ethics - 'derived from Confucius or the Greeks, from Hebrew writings or the latest work of Mr Spencer' - especially since 'the old Chinese ethics are discredited as a system. Lists the names of the ten student translators: 'Chikayumi J. Oka M. Ota H. Tokiwa D. Tomiogi T. Tomonaga S. Toru D. Uyeno S. Yamanobe T. Yoshida S.' .
1 doc.

n.d.

166

W. Romains Newbold to Henry Sidgwick. Reports that he received HS's letter the previous night. Apologises for not having replied to his cable message, which he received at Tamworth some days after he last wrote to him. Reports that he immediately sent the message to Mr [Stolesbury], and that his wife was taken ill, and he had to leave Tamworth, and the whole matter slipped from his mind. Apologises again, and thanks HS for the interest he has shown in Mr Stolesbury and the efforts he has made on his behalf. Asks him to allow him to reimburse him for the cost of sending the cable message. Refers to the fact that the weather in the middle states of America has been very hot, but that it is seldom hot in the 'quiet nook on the Maine coast' where he lives, and where he hopes to remain until 10 September 'or thereabouts.' Reports that certain members of his philosophical department have been temporarily lost: Professor Fullerton is abroad and will return in September 1899, Dr Wi[ ] has enlisted in the 2nd C[ity] Troop of [ Phil?] and has been ordered to Porto [sic] Rico, Dr Suiger has joined 'the 1st Reg. Of the [U.S. Vol.] Engineers and sailed for Porto Rico' the previous Sunday. Observes that they may return before the following October if the war ends speedily, but fears that if the United States becomes involved in the Eastern Question, there may be difficulties in filling the spaces left by the men. Observes that the war 'has excited little enthusiasm among the educated classes, and claims that he has seldom encountered the 'rabid patriotism of the newspapers' in those he has me, and that everybody regards it 'as a "politician's war" '. Claims that those who have enlisted 'have nearly all gone in search of adventure'. Personally believes that the war will 'in the long run advance the cause of civilisation, both in the West Indies and in Spain' and professes not to be afraid of Imperialism. States that the capture of Manila 'will be an accident', but even without it the United States must inevitably be drawn by their commercial interests 'into the complications of European politics'. .
1 doc.

9 Aug 1898

167

F.W. Newman to Henry Sidgwick. Explains the delay in his 'taking notice' of HS's MS as being due to other preoccupations, as well as the smallness of HS's writing. Claims that there is less difference between himself and HS than the latter believes there to be. Discusses the concepts of localisation and centralisation, and declares that the question 'is one of balance and predominance.' Claims that for two centuries 'the Central power has encroached upon and caused the decay of Local action', and that [Britain] has been 'so besotted by continental wars, as to let [her] old institutions go to ruin.' Believes that such institutions can and should be rebuilt. Claims that there are two 'real' controversies; of central and local powers which has been 'unhealthily encroaching and needs to be repressed by the aggrandizement of the other', and which of the powers 'is to have strict limits set on it'. Refers to the political system in the United States of America, and to the lawyers involved in the 'Slave Power interest.' Mentions also the hierarchy of power in the English political system. Disagrees with HS on the question of whether the American model may be imposed on England, referring to the states of Massachusetts. Makes a case for having provincial governments in England; they will be a means of 'getting better parochial or town government', 'to arrest the pernicious growth of London; to lessen the overwork of Parl[iamen]t', amongst other predicted results. Claims to have 'never yet known how to give a municipal vote', and claims to have voted for [Leavis] Fry some days ago, because he was told he was a Liberal. Claims that the U.S. system of State Legislation 'except so far as Slavery has perverted it, has produced excellent results', and that their codes are becoming models to the English. Claims that their improvements in law could not be applied in England, because it would be impossible to pass a law for a single county, as in the U.S. law are passed for single states. Observes that what is called Constitutional Law in the U.S. would be called in England Imperial Law. In relation to the army, advocates 'a return to the principles which preceded [that] Whig Revolution which immersed [England] for a century and a half in continental war.' Refers to Switzerland as being 'a still better model', where, in time of war all would be centralised, 'but never else.' Refers also to Prussia, and her relations with Austria, and France. Thanks HS for his 'copy book' [not included], which he returns. .
1 doc.

19 Nov 1869

168/1

A. Nicolson to Henry Sidgwick. Declares that he hopes to be in correspondence with HS 'on a widely different subject' from that on which he writes in this letter. He is trying to collect some data for the [Census] of Hallucination. Reports that he is also reading HS's 'admirable work on Elements of Politics.' Refers to a passage [MS copy enclosed], on which he makes a few remarks. Corrects HS's assertion that the Magyars of Hungary do not form an independent nation, and are united under one government with the Austrians and other nationalities of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy; states that, in fact, since 1867 Hungary has had an independent government absolutely distinct from that of the other portions of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Explains that there are certain areas, such as joint army and foreign affairs, which are in common, and which are regulated by the Compromise [Ausgleich] of 1867, and that 'the Delegation from Hungary and Austria...assemble annually and separately to discuss the arrangements concerning [those] common affairs.' Apart from these common affairs, he explains, Hungary is a nation 'with a distinct legislature, distinct laws, state language [and] absolutely sovereign within her own territory'; there is a Customs and Commercial Union with Austria renewed every ten years, and 'the same personage is sovereign over both countries.' .
1 doc.

7 Oct 1891

168/2

MS copy of passage from HS's Elements of Politics, accompanying letter from Sir A. Nicolson to HS of 7 October 1891.
1 doc.

[7 Oct 1891]

169

C.E. Norton to Henry Sidgwick. Expresses his pleasure at the news that HS is coming to London that week, and expresses the hope that they may meet. Explains that were it not for engagements to which he is bound on Wednesday and Thursday, he would invite HS to dinner on one of those nights. Looks forward to seeing him on Wednesday 'about five o'clock.' .
1 doc.

26 Apr 1869

170

C.G. Oates to Henry Sidgwick. Introduces himself as a former pupil, who once attended a course of HS's lectures in Trinity College. Claims to have never forgotten, and that he will never forget, the interest shown by HS in his work. .
1 doc.

n.d.

171

Hideho �ta to Henry Sidgwick. Writes as the representative of the Japanese student translators [from the Imperial University Hall] of the Methods of Ethics. Thanks HS for his permission to translate his work. Reports that the translation was completed the previous month. Explains that the study of Western Ethics in Japan is not yet well developed, and that no standard text on the subject has yet been translated. Expresses the hope that their translation will help to promote the study of ethics in Japan. .
1 doc.

7 Feb 1899